Psycholinguistic Investigations of Development and Disorders of Speech Production

言语产生的发展和障碍的心理语言学研究

• 批准号: 7892834
• 负责人: Edwin Maas
• 金额: $ 13.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7892834
• 关键词: 10 year old; 7 year old; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Articulators; Basic Science; Child; Childhood; Classification; Clinical; Clinical Services; Development; Diagnosis; Differential Diagnosis; Disease; Elderly; Goals; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Modeling; Motor; Motor Skills; Movement; Nature; Neurologic; Pathologist; Performance; Physiological; Play; Process; Production; Property; Psycholinguistics; Reaction Time; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Speech Development; Speech Disorders; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Staging; Subgroup; Testing; Time; Training; Vocabulary; Work; abstracting; base; career development; clinical Diagnosis; clinical application; design; experience; improved; insight; lexical; literacy; novel strategies; phonology; programs; public health relevance; research study; spatiotemporal

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed project is to provide the candidate with additional career development training in the areas of spoken language development, speech sound disorders in children, and acoustic analysis, to enable the candidate to establish a productive research program geared towards the long-term goals of 1) advancing knowledge of typical development of spoken language production in terms of the various processing stages involved, 2) gaining a more detailed understanding of speech sound disorders in children that may result from disruptions at these processing stages, and 3) bridging the gap between basic science and clinical application. To achieve this purpose, the project includes both career development activities and a research plan designed to gain insight into the representations and real time processes involved in speech sound production in typically developing children as well as in children with speech sound disorders of unknown origin. Several experiments combine chronometric paradigms with speech acoustic analyses to address the emergence of speech planning units (e.g., phonemes) and their deployment in the speech planning process, as well as a number of factors that have been postulated to influence the emergence of these units (e.g., vocabulary size, speech motor skill). The proposed studies focus on children in the age range of 5 to 10 years old, because relatively little is known about speech development in this age range, despite the fact that development of speech production is not complete at age 5 and may affect literacy development. A major long-term goal of this research program is to increase our understanding of speech sound disorders of unknown origin, in particular with respect to the different planning stages affected in different types of disorders such as phonological disorders and childhood apraxia of speech. A combined chronometric-acoustic approach may enable a further delineation and differentiation among children with speech sound disorders, with implications for clinical service delivery for these children in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Children with speech sound disorders of unknown origin comprise a large part of the clinical caseload for speech-language pathologists. A complete understanding of the nature of these disorders is lacking, complicating differential diagnosis and treatment. This research will enhance our understanding of typical and atypical development of speech planning and production, with implications for diagnosis and treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议项目的目的是为候选人提供口语发展、儿童言语声音障碍和声学分析领域的额外职业发展培训，使候选人能够建立一个富有成效的研究计划，旨在实现以下长期目标：1）在涉及的各个处理阶段方面增进对口语产生的典型发展的了解，2）更详细地了解可能由以下原因引起的儿童言语声音障碍： 这些处理阶段的中断，以及3）弥合基础科学和临床应用之间的差距。为了实现这一目的，该项目包括职业发展活动和一项研究计划，旨在深入了解典型发育儿童以及患有不明原因言语障碍的儿童的言语声音产生所涉及的表征和实时过程。一些实验将计时范式与语音声学分析相结合，以解决语音规划单元（例如音素）的出现及其在语音规划过程中的部署，以及一些被假定影响这些单元出现的因素（例如词汇量、语音运动技能）。拟议的研究重点关注 5 至 10 岁年龄段的儿童，因为人们对这个年龄段的言语发展知之甚少，尽管事实上言语产生的发展在 5 岁时尚未完成并可能影响识字能力的发展。该研究计划的一个主要长期目标是增加我们对不明原因的言语声音障碍的理解，特别是关于不同类型的疾病（例如语音障碍和儿童言语失用症）影响的不同计划阶段。计时-声学相结合的方法可以进一步描述和区分患有言语障碍的儿童，这对为这些儿童提供诊断和治疗方面的临床服务具有重要意义。 公共卫生相关性：患有不明原因言语障碍的儿童占言语病理学家临床病例的很大一部分。对这些疾病的性质缺乏完整的了解，使鉴别诊断和治疗变得复杂。这项研究将增强我们对言语规划和产生的典型和非典型发展的理解，对诊断和治疗具有影响。