NATURAL HISTORY PREVENTION OF VIRAL HEPATITIS IN ALASKA NATIVE PEOPLE

描述(由申请人提供)： 甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)和乙肝病毒(乙肝)的感染是 阿拉斯加原住民。甲型和乙型肝炎疫苗已成为阿拉斯加当地人的常规免疫接种 分别是1984年和1994年以来。所有1岁以上的儿童都接种甲型肝炎疫苗 美国的年龄和追赶甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)疫苗计划在 为所有儿童提供几个州。所有新生儿都接种了乙肝疫苗， 过去十年美国的儿童和高危人群。此外，慢性乙型和丙型肝炎感染是美国高危人群中肝细胞癌和肝硬变发病率和死亡率的重要原因。阿拉斯加原住民是美国所有种族中慢性乙肝病毒感染率最高的民族之一，丙型肝炎的发病率和死亡率也很高。并不是所有的慢性乙型或丙型肝炎患者都会发展为肝硬变或肝细胞癌，进展的危险因素也没有完全阐明。需要进行人口研究来研究慢性乙肝和丙型肝炎进展的危险因素。阿拉斯加土著部落健康联盟(ANTHC)的肝病和肝炎项目(LDHP)与疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)的北极调查项目(AIP)合作，有一批婴儿、儿童和成人时期接种甲型和乙型肝炎疫苗的人可以确定长期保护措施。此外，LDHP还招募了大量患有慢性乙肝或丙型肝炎的阿拉斯加原住民。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infections from hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are significant problems in Alaska Natives. Hepatitis A and B vaccines have been routine immunizations in Alaska Natives since 1984 and 1994, respectively. Hepatitis A vaccine is administered to all children over 1 year of age in the US and catch-up hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine programs are employed in several states for all children. Hepatitis B vaccine has been administered to all neonates and children in the US for the past decade and to high risk individuals. In addition, chronic hepatitis B and C infections are significant causes of morbidity and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis in high risk populations in the US. Alaska Natives have one of the highest rates of chronic HBV infection of any ethnic group in the US and a high rate of morbidity and mortality from hepatitis C infection. Not all persons with chronic hepatitis B or C will develop cirrhosis or HCC and the risk factors for progression are not completely elucidated. Population studies are needed to study risk factors for progression of chronic HBV and HCV. The Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program (LDHP) of the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium(ANTHC) working collaboratively with the Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has cohorts of persons who received hepatitis A and B vaccine as infants, children and adults available to determine long-term protection. In addition, the LDHP has recruited large cohorts of Alaska Natives with chronic hepatitis B or C infection.