The Role of Frontal and Temporal Brain Areas in the Perception of Phonetic Category Structure

额叶和颞叶脑区在语音类别结构感知中的作用

• 批准号: 8631667
• 负责人: Emily B Myers
• 金额: $ 37.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8631667
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Architecture; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Canis familiaris; Categories; Clinical; Collection; Comprehension; Data; Dyslexia; Eye; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Image; Impairment; Individual; Inferior; Inferior frontal gyrus; Knowledge; Language; Language Disorders; Learning; Left; Lesion; Light; Link; Literature; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Patients; Perception; Phonetics; Play; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stream; Structure; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; aphasic; behavior measurement; design; frontal lobe function; interest; language comprehension; language processing; lexical; neural model; neuroimaging; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; semantic processing; sound; speech processing; syntax; theories; treatment strategy

7. Project Summary / Abstract While significant progress has been made in recent years in describing the neural systems that are responsible for mapping the speech signal to meaning, the role of inferior frontal brain structures in this process remains poorly understood. The current project is designed to investigate the hypothesis that the left inferior frontal gyrus plays an active role processing the sounds of speech in order to map them to meaning. First, we suggest that the left inferior frontal gyrus is implicated under conditions of phonetic competition as speech sounds are mapped to meaning. Second, we investigate the role of inferior frontal regions in the acquisition of new speech categories in both implicit and explicit training paradigms. These questions will be addressed via functional neuroimaging (fMRI) studies of unimpaired individuals together with yoked behavioral studies of aphasic individuals with lesions in either frontal or temporal brain structures. Behavioral measures include the use of eye-tracking measures which allow for the collection of online, implicit measures of sensitivity to phonetic category variability. Results of these studies will refine existing models of the neural underpinnings of speech perception. The knowledge gained as a result of this project will better characterize impairments at the level of speech processing in aphasic individuals with frontal and temporal damage. This knowledge, together, with an enhanced understanding of the capacity of aphasics to learn new speech sound sensitivities, may be used to inform rehabilitative strategies for aphasics with frontal and temporal damage.

7.项目总结/摘要 虽然近年来在描述神经系统方面取得了重大进展， 负责将语音信号映射到意义的系统， 下额叶脑结构在这一过程中仍然知之甚少。当前 本研究旨在探讨左额下回在脑内的作用， 一个积极的角色，处理语音，以便将它们映射到意义上。第一、 我们认为，左额下回是牵连条件下的语音 竞争就像语音映射到意义一样。其次，我们研究了 额叶下区在新言语类别习得中的作用 明确的训练模式。这些问题将通过功能 神经影像学（fMRI）研究未受损的个人连同轭行为 对额叶或颞叶脑结构受损的失语症患者的研究。 行为测量包括使用眼动跟踪测量，其允许 收集在线，隐式测量的敏感性语音类别的变化。 这些研究的结果将完善现有的模型的神经基础的讲话 perception.通过该项目获得的知识将更好地描述 失语症患者的额叶和额叶皮层的言语加工水平的损伤 暂时性损伤这些知识，加上对 失语症患者学习新语言声音敏感性的能力，可以用来告知 额叶和颞叶损伤失语症的康复策略。