Parenting to Prevent Substance Use in Late Adolescence

描述(由申请者提供)：在发育转变过程中，与家庭、同龄人和亲密伴侣的关系可能是风险或弹性的背景。理想情况下，这些关系保护并支持积极适应新的角色，但有时它们会使个人面临预示未来问题行为的风险，如药物滥用。我们的研究团队已经开发出一种针对这些关键关系的有效干预措施，以减少药物使用和其他危险行为，同时加强导致健康、适应性行为的保护因素。这种被称为家庭体检(FCU)的干预措施已经在不同年龄和不同样本中进行了研究。我们建议现在将重点放在成年期的过渡上，这是与药物使用率和危及生命的危险行为(例如，高风险性行为、饮酒和驾驶)相关的最高时期。这项研究将通过提供FCU作为高中毕业后的年轻人过渡来扩展我们之前的工作。它将研究青春期后期的亲子关系如何具有保护性，或者可能有助于药物使用和滥用的升级，这通常是在成年过程中观察到的。我们建议对593名不同种族和社会经济背景的年轻人及其家人的现有社区样本进行跟踪调查，这些人最初是在11岁时被招募的，作为中学期间以学校为基础、以家庭为中心的药物使用预防干预的一部分。分配到最初治疗条件的家庭将被提供额外的干预措施，在这一过渡期间针对亲子关系，并将提供关于在此期间保护青少年免受药物滥用的家庭进程中的发展变化的关键信息。FCU干预的青春期晚期版本旨在(A)防止药物使用的升级，(B)侧重于促进独立生活的亲子关系，(C)阻止不健康的同伴关系和促进吸毒的活动，以及(D)提供支持，以加强适应行为和成人过渡期间的健康结果。我们还将评估FCU的持久疗效和FCU在减少药物使用和问题行为增长以及支持健康适应方面对青春期晚期的初步效果。这项研究将大大有助于我们理解青春期晚期的育儿方式和与药物使用相关的风险因素，以及导致成年早期健康和适应行为的保护性因素。如果成功，这种干预将是一种具有成本效益的手段，可以减少物质使用和其他危险行为，这些行为可以随着年轻人过渡到独立生活而嵌入高中。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Across developmental transitions, relationships with family, peers, and intimate partners can be contexts of risk or resilience. Ideally, these relationships protect and support positive adaptation to new roles, but sometimes they expose the individual to risk that is predictive of later problem behaviors, such as substance abuse. Our research team has developed an effective intervention that targets these key relationships in order to reduce substance use and other risk behaviors while simultaneously enhancing protective factors that lead to healthy, adaptive behavior. This intervention, called the Family Check-Up (FCU), has been studied across various ages and samples. We propose to now focus on the transition to adulthood, the period associated with the highest rates of substance use and life-threatening risk behaviors (e.g., high-risk sexual behavior, drinking and driving). This study will extend our previous work by offering the FCU as youth transition out of high school. It will examine how parent-child relationships in late adolescence may be protective or may contribute to escalating substance use and abuse typically observed during the transition to adulthood. We propose to follow up an existing community sample of 593 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse youth and their families who were originally recruited at age 11 as part of a school-based, family-centered intervention for substance use prevention during the middle school years. Families assigned to the original treatment condition will be offered an additional intervention that would target parent-youth relationships during this transition, and would provide critical information about developmental changes in family processes that protect youth from substance abuse during this period. The late-adolescence version of the FCU intervention is designed to (a) prevent escalation of substance use, (b) focus on parent-youth relationships that foster independent living, (c) discourage unhealthy peer relationships and activities that promote drug use, and (d) provide support to enhance adaptive behavior and healthy adult outcomes during the transition to adulthood. We will also evaluate the enduring efficacy of the FCU and the preliminary efficacy of the FCU for late adolescence in terms of reducing growth in substance use and problem behaviors and supporting healthy adaptation. The study will significantly contribute to our understanding of parenting in late adolescence and risk factors associated with substance use, as well as protective factors that lead to health and adaptive behavior in early adulthood. If successful, this intervention will be a cost-effective means to reduce substance use and other risk behavior that can be embedded into high schools as youth transition to independent living.