Parenting to Prevent Substance Use in Late Adolescence

描述（由申请人提供）：在整个发展过渡期，与家人，同龄人和亲密伴侣的关系可能是风险或弹性的背景。理想情况下，这些关系保护和支持积极适应新的角色，但有时它们会使个体暴露在风险中，这预示着以后的问题行为，如药物滥用。我们的研究团队已经开发出一种有效的干预措施，针对这些关键关系，以减少药物使用和其他风险行为，同时增强导致健康，适应性行为的保护因素。这种干预措施被称为家庭检查（FCU），已在不同年龄和样本中进行了研究。我们建议现在把重点放在向成年的过渡上，这一时期与物质使用率和危及生命的危险行为（例如，高风险性行为、酒后驾车）。这项研究将通过提供FCU作为高中毕业的青年过渡来扩展我们以前的工作。它将研究如何在青少年后期的亲子关系可能是保护性的，或可能有助于升级的物质使用和滥用通常观察到的过渡到成年。我们建议跟进现有的社区样本的593个种族和社会经济上不同的青年和他们的家庭谁最初招募在11岁的一部分，以学校为基础，以家庭为中心的干预物质使用预防在中学期间。分配到原始治疗条件的家庭将获得额外的干预措施，该措施将针对这一过渡期间的父母-青年关系，并将提供有关家庭进程发展变化的重要信息，以保护青少年在这一时期免受药物滥用。青少年后期版本的FCU干预旨在：（a）防止药物使用的升级，（B）关注促进独立生活的父母与青少年关系，（c）阻止不健康的同伴关系和促进吸毒的活动，以及（d）提供支持，以增强向成年过渡期间的适应行为和健康的成年结果。我们还将评估FCU的持久疗效和FCU在减少物质使用和问题行为增长以及支持健康适应方面对青春期后期的初步疗效。这项研究将大大有助于我们了解青春期后期的养育方式和与物质使用相关的风险因素，以及导致成年早期健康和适应行为的保护因素。如果成功，这种干预将是一种具有成本效益的手段，以减少物质使用和其他风险行为，可以嵌入到高中作为青年过渡到独立生活。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Across developmental transitions, relationships with family, peers, and intimate partners can be contexts of risk or resilience. Ideally, these relationships protect and support positive adaptation to new roles, but sometimes they expose the individual to risk that is predictive of later problem behaviors, such as substance abuse. Our research team has developed an effective intervention that targets these key relationships in order to reduce substance use and other risk behaviors while simultaneously enhancing protective factors that lead to healthy, adaptive behavior. This intervention, called the Family Check-Up (FCU), has been studied across various ages and samples. We propose to now focus on the transition to adulthood, the period associated with the highest rates of substance use and life-threatening risk behaviors (e.g., high-risk sexual behavior, drinking and driving). This study will extend our previous work by offering the FCU as youth transition out of high school. It will examine how parent-child relationships in late adolescence may be protective or may contribute to escalating substance use and abuse typically observed during the transition to adulthood. We propose to follow up an existing community sample of 593 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse youth and their families who were originally recruited at age 11 as part of a school-based, family-centered intervention for substance use prevention during the middle school years. Families assigned to the original treatment condition will be offered an additional intervention that would target parent-youth relationships during this transition, and would provide critical information about developmental changes in family processes that protect youth from substance abuse during this period. The late-adolescence version of the FCU intervention is designed to (a) prevent escalation of substance use, (b) focus on parent-youth relationships that foster independent living, (c) discourage unhealthy peer relationships and activities that promote drug use, and (d) provide support to enhance adaptive behavior and healthy adult outcomes during the transition to adulthood. We will also evaluate the enduring efficacy of the FCU and the preliminary efficacy of the FCU for late adolescence in terms of reducing growth in substance use and problem behaviors and supporting healthy adaptation. The study will significantly contribute to our understanding of parenting in late adolescence and risk factors associated with substance use, as well as protective factors that lead to health and adaptive behavior in early adulthood. If successful, this intervention will be a cost-effective means to reduce substance use and other risk behavior that can be embedded into high schools as youth transition to independent living.