Human Fronto-Parietal Networks for Visual Attention and Memory
人类额顶叶网络用于视觉注意力和记忆
基本信息
- 批准号:8656120
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 40.11万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-04-01 至 2017-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AffectAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAreaAttentionBehavioralBilateralBrainBrain InjuriesBrain regionClinicalCognitionCognitiveContralateralCuesDataDevelopmentDiagnosisDiseaseDissociationDorsalEventFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGoalsHemispatial NeglectHumanImageImpaired cognitionImpairmentIndividualInvestigationIpsilateralKnowledgeLateralLeadLeftMapsMemoryMethodsModelingNetwork-basedParietalParietal LobePathway AnalysisPerceptionPerformancePersonsPharmacologic SubstancePlayPopulationPrefrontal CortexProcessPsychiatric therapeutic procedurePsychophysicsRelative (related person)ResearchRetrievalRoleSchizophreniaSensorySeriesShort-Term MemorySourceSpeedStrokeSymptomsSyndromeSystemTask PerformancesTestingTherapeuticTherapeutic InterventionTimeTraumatic Brain InjuryVisionVisualVisual FieldsVisual attentionVisual system structureVisuospatialWorkage relatedassay developmentcognitive functionexperiencefrontal lobeimaging modalityindexingintraparietal sulcuslong term memorymemory processmemory retrievalneglectneuromechanismnormal agingnovelpost strokerelating to nervous systemresearch studyrestorationspatiotemporalsupercomputervisual memoryvisual performance
项目摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
The overarching goal of this research is to reveal the brain mechanisms by which visual attention, visual short-
term memory (STM) and retrieval from visual long-term memory (LTM) integrate their functioning to support
cognition and perception. Performance of healthy humans in visual tasks exceeds the performance of
supercomputers, yet the capacity of the human visual system is profoundly limited; people can only attend to or
hold in visual STM about four objects at one time. Retrieval from long-term memory into visual working
memory (VWM) contributes greatly to visual performance in familiar contexts. However, diseases, including
Alzheimer's and schizophrenia, traumatic brain injuries, stroke, and normal aging all can lead to reductions in
the capacity of visual attention and STM and result in severe impairments in the performance of vision-related
cognitive and perceptual tasks. In order to help guide therapeutic interventions, it is critical to have a detailed
understanding of the neural substrates and mechanisms of visual attention, STM and LTM retrieval. A series of
human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral studies is proposed to identify the shared
and dissociated neural substrates of visual attention, visual STM and retrieval from visual LTM. Research has
shown that portions of the frontal and parietal lobes work together as a network to support each of these tasks,
but currently the precise identity and functional role of these brain areas in the different tasks is not well
understood. Functional localizer fMRI methods and within-subject analysis will be performed in order to obtain
precise localization of these brain regions. STM load and several attentional factors will be manipulated in
order to identify the functional contributions of different brain regions to capacity limits under different forms of
task demands. Event-related analysis will be performed in order to identify network components of visual LTM
retrieval and their relationship to components of the visual STM, attentional & default mode networks.
Experiments employing functional connectivity fMRI methods will focus on network interactions that may play a
role in the symptoms of Hemispatial Neglect and in the post-stroke mechanisms that accompany restoration of
spatial processing. This knowledge can guide the development of assays that can refine diagnosis and
treatment of psychiatric illnesses and may help maintain cognitive function in persons who experience disease-
related or age-related decline. As the specific contributions of different brain regions are characterized,
research can focus on identifying particular network subcomponents that may be differentially impaired in
different clinical populations.
项目摘要/摘要
这项研究的首要目标是揭示视觉注意、视觉短时和视觉短时记忆的大脑机制。
术语记忆(STM)和视觉长时记忆提取(LTM)整合了它们的功能以支持
认知和感知。健康人在视觉任务中的表现超过了
超级计算机,然而人类视觉系统的能力是极其有限的;人们只能关注或
在可视STM中一次保持大约四个对象。从长时记忆恢复到视觉工作
记忆(VWM)对熟悉情境下的视觉表现有很大贡献。然而,疾病,包括
阿尔茨海默氏症和精神分裂症、创伤性脑损伤、中风和正常衰老都会导致
视觉注意和短时记忆的能力,并导致视觉相关表现的严重损害
认知和知觉任务。为了帮助指导治疗干预,关键是要有一个详细的
了解视觉注意、短时记忆和长时记忆提取的神经基础和机制。一系列
人类功能磁共振成像(FMRI)和行为研究被提出来识别共享的
以及分离的视觉注意、视觉STM和视觉LTM提取的神经底物。研究表明,
显示额叶和顶叶的部分作为网络一起工作以支持这些任务中的每一个,
但目前,这些脑区在不同任务中的确切身份和功能作用还不是很好
明白了。将进行功能定位功能磁共振成像方法和受试者内部分析,以获得
对这些大脑区域进行精确定位。STM负荷和几个注意因素将在
为了确定在不同形式的脑容量限制下不同脑区的功能贡献
任务要求。将执行与事件相关的分析,以确定可视LTM的网络组件
提取及其与视觉短时记忆、注意和默认模式网络的关系。
使用功能连接功能磁共振方法的实验将专注于可能发挥作用的网络交互
在偏侧空间忽视症状和卒中后机制中的作用
空间处理。这一知识可以指导分析方法的发展,这些方法可以改进诊断和
精神疾病的治疗,并可能帮助经历疾病的人保持认知功能-
与年龄相关的或与年龄相关的衰退。由于表征了不同大脑区域的具体贡献,
研究可以集中于确定特定的网络子组件,
不同的临床人群。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
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专利数量(0)
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David C Somers其他文献
David C Somers的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('David C Somers', 18)}}的其他基金
Human Fronto-Parietal Networks for Visual Attention and Memory
人类额顶叶网络用于视觉注意力和记忆
- 批准号:
8446416 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 40.11万 - 项目类别:
Human Fronto-Parietal Networks for Visual Attention and Memory
人类额顶叶网络用于视觉注意力和记忆
- 批准号:
8820919 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 40.11万 - 项目类别:
Human Fronto-Parietal Networks for Visual Attention and Memory
人类额顶叶网络用于视觉注意力和记忆
- 批准号:
8302118 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 40.11万 - 项目类别:
ROLE OF LOCAL EXCITATION IN VISUAL CORTICAL CIRCUITRY
局部兴奋在视觉皮质回路中的作用
- 批准号:
2241967 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 40.11万 - 项目类别: