A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
批准号:
9795199
负责人:
RAFFI V AROIAN
金额:
$52.7万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-09-05 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
AdjuvantAdultAncylostoma (genus)AnemiaAnimal ModelAnimalsAnthelminticsAntibodiesAntigensBehaviorBloodCD69 antigenCattleChildClinical TrialsCognitive deficitsComplementCountryDataDehydrationDepressed moodDevelopmentDiseaseEconomicsEducationEnvironmentFutureGenesGenetic TranscriptionGenetic VariationGenomicsGoalsGoatGrowthHaemonchusHairHamstersHealthHookworm InfectionsHookwormsHumanImmuneImmune systemImmunocompetentImmunocompromised HostImmunologicsImpaired cognitionInfectionIngestionIntestinesIron deficiency anemiaLaboratoriesLeadLethargiesLifeLife Cycle StagesMalnutritionMedicalMulti-Drug ResistanceNecatorNematodaNutrientOutcomeParasitesPathogenicityPeptide HydrolasesPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacotherapyPhase I Clinical TrialsPhylogenetic AnalysisPlanet EarthPreventive vaccineProductionProductivityProteinsReproductionResearchResistanceRoleRuminantsSheepSpecificityStrongylidaSystemTechniquesTestingToxinVaccinatedVaccine AntigenVaccinesVeterinary MedicineWeightWoolacquired immunitybaseburden of illnesscomparativecomparative genomicsdisabilitydrug efficacyfeedingfood securitygastrointestinalgenome-wide analysishuman modelimmunosuppressedimprovedin vivonematode antigennovel vaccinespreclinical studypreventprophylacticsuccesstraittranscriptometranscriptome sequencingtranscriptomicsvaccine candidatevaccine developmentvaccine efficacyvaccine trial
中文摘要
项目概要/摘要(允许30行)
钩虫(钩虫属和钩虫属)和捻转血矛线虫是相关的(分支V,亚目
圆线虫科(圆线虫属)人和反刍动物的食血胃肠道线虫(GIN)寄生虫. 在人类中,
钩虫是全球贫血的主要原因,也是地球上最重要的医学寄生虫之一,
感染了5亿人,导致生长发育迟缓,认知障碍,营养不良和未来的损失,
收入/教育/生产力。 在小型反刍动物中(例如, 绵羊,山羊),血矛线虫是最
重要和毁灭性的寄生虫,感染导致严重脱水,贫血,嗜睡,抑郁
低能量行为,毛质粗糙,体重轻,产毛量低。 感染是致命的。
药物的效力对这两组寄生虫都变得有限,人类和
广泛分布于羊。 因此,药物治疗与预防性疫苗的互补将是一种有效的方法。
这是控制和最终消灭吸血GIN寄生虫的一个巨大进步。 然而,疫苗
对抗吸血的GIN的发展是复杂的,因为这些寄生虫是逃避饥饿的大师。
免疫系统我们建议使用最先进的基因组、转录组和免疫信息学技术
以确定和优先考虑新的疫苗靶点,以对抗以血液为食的GIN。初步数据令人鼓舞。我们
我们将利用我们有希望的初步数据来研究什么是一种好的疫苗,
GIN,以及通过改变表达平台和佐剂来提高一种候选疫苗的功效。
此外,我们将使用基因组学、转录组学和免疫信息学来比较肠上皮特异性基因,
编码这两种吸血寄生虫之间的假定分泌蛋白,并比较
免疫调节基因编码这两种线虫寄生虫之间的推定分泌肠蛋白。
这些比较将被用来鉴定保守的、高效价的血吸虫饲养特异性GIN抗原. 这些
候选抗原将首先在我们的人类钩虫感染的小动物模型中进行测试,
钩虫疫苗抗原和/或钩虫疫苗抗原的组合,其将产生完全的
或接近完全保护免受实验室感染。 有希望的抗原将迅速转移到
大动物系统;将绵羊接种相应的H. 捻转抗原和类似的
评估保护。 将研究保护的免疫学和机制方面。 我们的目标是
鉴定一种或多种免疫原,所述免疫原可以在免疫前临床研究中优化,然后进一步用于人类,
绵羊/山羊临床试验。
英文摘要
Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines permitted)
Hookworms (genera Ancylostoma and Necator) and Haemonchus contortus are related (clade V, suborder
Strongylida) blood-feeding gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites of humans and ruminants. In humans,
hookworms are a leading cause of anemia globally and one of the most medically important parasites on earth,
infecting half a billion people and causing growth stunting, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, and loss of future
earnings/education/productivity. In small ruminants (e.g., sheep, goats), Haemonchus is one of the most
important and devastating parasites, with infections leading to severe dehydration, anemia, lethargy, depressed
low-energy behavior, rough hair coats, low weights, and poor wool and lamb production. Infections can be lethal.
Drug efficacy is becoming limited for both groups of parasites, with resistance emerging in humans and
widespread in sheep. Therefore, complementation of drug treatment with a prophylactic vaccine would be an
enormous step forward for control and eventual elimination of blood-feeding GIN parasites. However, vaccine
development against blood-feeding GINs is complicated because these parasites are masters at evading the
immune system. We propose to use state-of-the art genomic, transcriptomic, and immunoinformatic techniques
to identify and prioritize novel vaccine targets against blood-feeding GINs. Preliminary data are encouraging. We
will use our promising preliminary data to investigate what constitutes a good vaccine against blood-feeding
GINs, as well as to improve the efficacy of one vaccine candidate by altering expression platforms and adjuvants.
Furthermore, we will use genomics, transcriptomics, and immunoinformatics to compare intestinal-specific genes
encoding putative secreted proteins between these two blood-feeding parasites, and to compare
immunomodulated genes encoding putative secreted intestinal proteins between these two nematode parasites.
These comparisons will be used to identify conserved, high-value blood-feeding-specific GIN antigens. These
candidate antigens will be tested first in our small animal model of human hookworm infection to identify single
hookworm vaccine antigens, and/or a combination of hookworm vaccine antigens, that will engender complete
or near-complete protection from infection in the laboratory. Promising antigens will be rapidly transferred to a
large animal system;; sheep will be vaccinated with the corresponding H. contortus antigens and similarly
assessed for protection. Immunological and mechanistic aspects of protection will be studied. Our goal is to
identify one or more immunogens that can be optimized in pre-clinical studies and then advanced to human and
ovine/caprine clinical trials.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
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海外基金