A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
批准号:
9795199
负责人:
RAFFI V AROIAN
金额:
$52.7万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-09-05 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
AdjuvantAdultAncylostoma (genus)AnemiaAnimal ModelAnimalsAnthelminticsAntibodiesAntigensBehaviorBloodCD69 antigenCattleChildClinical TrialsCognitive deficitsComplementCountryDataDehydrationDepressed moodDevelopmentDiseaseEconomicsEducationEnvironmentFutureGenesGenetic TranscriptionGenetic VariationGenomicsGoalsGoatGrowthHaemonchusHairHamstersHealthHookworm InfectionsHookwormsHumanImmuneImmune systemImmunocompetentImmunocompromised HostImmunologicsImpaired cognitionInfectionIngestionIntestinesIron deficiency anemiaLaboratoriesLeadLethargiesLifeLife Cycle StagesMalnutritionMedicalMulti-Drug ResistanceNecatorNematodaNutrientOutcomeParasitesPathogenicityPeptide HydrolasesPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacotherapyPhase I Clinical TrialsPhylogenetic AnalysisPlanet EarthPreventive vaccineProductionProductivityProteinsReproductionResearchResistanceRoleRuminantsSheepSpecificityStrongylidaSystemTechniquesTestingToxinVaccinatedVaccine AntigenVaccinesVeterinary MedicineWeightWoolacquired immunitybaseburden of illnesscomparativecomparative genomicsdisabilitydrug efficacyfeedingfood securitygastrointestinalgenome-wide analysishuman modelimmunosuppressedimprovedin vivonematode antigennovel vaccinespreclinical studypreventprophylacticsuccesstraittranscriptometranscriptome sequencingtranscriptomicsvaccine candidatevaccine developmentvaccine efficacyvaccine trial
中文摘要
项目摘要/摘要摘要(允许30行)。
--
钩虫属(钩虫属Ancylostoma)和钩虫属(Haemonchus)和缠绕血吸虫属(Haemonchus)是近缘关系属(Clade V,B亚目)。
斯氏线虫(Strongylida)是一种以血液为食的胃肠道线虫(GIN),是人类和反刍动物的寄生虫。
钩虫仍然是全球范围内贫血的主要原因之一,也是地球上最严重的医学上最重要的寄生虫之一。
感染了15亿人中的一半,并导致儿童发育迟缓、认知功能障碍、营养不良、儿童和对未来的损失。
收入/教育/生产力。在小型反刍动物(例如绵羊、山羊)中,血吸虫是最常见的物种之一。
重要的疾病和毁灭性的寄生虫,特别是新的感染,导致患者严重脱水,贫血,昏昏欲睡,抑郁。
低能量的行为、粗糙的毛发、低体重、糟糕的羊毛料和羊肉产量。他们的感染可能是致命的。
随着人类和人类对新出现的细菌产生耐药性,对这两组寄生虫的药物疗效评价正变得有限。
在绵羊中广泛流行。因此,药物和治疗的互补性将不会是一种有效的预防疾病的疫苗。
迈出了巨大的一步,为控制口蹄疫和最终根除食血性口蹄疫寄生虫奠定了基础。然而,疫苗还在继续。
针对食血寄生虫的开发工作非常复杂,因为这些寄生虫都是擅长躲避病毒的高手。
免疫信息系统。我们将建议更多地使用最先进的基因组学、转录学、免疫信息学和免疫信息学技术。
为了更好地识别和优先考虑针对嗜血动物的新型疫苗和靶点,我们的初步研究数据非常令人鼓舞。
我们是否会利用我们最有希望的疫苗初步数据来进一步调查什么是针对血液喂养的好的疫苗。
Gins、Gins以及其他公司将通过改变疫苗的表达、平台和佐剂来进一步提高一种候选疫苗的临床疗效。
此外,我们还将使用基因组学、转录组学、基因组学和免疫信息学技术来比较肠道特异的基因。
编码这两种嗜血寄生虫之间可能分泌的蛋白质,以进行比较。
在这两种线虫和寄生虫之间,编码可能分泌的肠道蛋白的基因受到免疫调节。
这些比较也将被用来进一步识别保守的、高价值的、供血特异的金黄色葡萄球菌抗原。
候选的钩虫抗原将首先在我们的人类钩虫感染的第一个小动物模型模型中进行测试,以进一步识别单个钩虫。
钩虫疫苗抗原,钩虫疫苗抗原和/或钩虫疫苗抗原的一个新的组合,这将产生一个完整的。
或者是在实验室里对病毒感染的几乎完全的保护措施。那些有希望的病毒抗原将不会被迅速地转移到病毒中。
大型动物免疫系统;;和绵羊将继续接种相应的螺旋杆菌抗原和类似的疫苗。
对动物保护进行了评估。我们将继续研究动物保护的免疫学和机械学方面的问题。我们的目标是解决这些问题。
找出一种或更多可以在临床前药物研究中进行优化的免疫原,然后将先进的药物用于治疗人类疾病。
绵羊/山羊正在进行临床和临床试验。
英文摘要
Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines permitted)
Hookworms (genera Ancylostoma and Necator) and Haemonchus contortus are related (clade V, suborder
Strongylida) blood-feeding gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites of humans and ruminants. In humans,
hookworms are a leading cause of anemia globally and one of the most medically important parasites on earth,
infecting half a billion people and causing growth stunting, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, and loss of future
earnings/education/productivity. In small ruminants (e.g., sheep, goats), Haemonchus is one of the most
important and devastating parasites, with infections leading to severe dehydration, anemia, lethargy, depressed
low-energy behavior, rough hair coats, low weights, and poor wool and lamb production. Infections can be lethal.
Drug efficacy is becoming limited for both groups of parasites, with resistance emerging in humans and
widespread in sheep. Therefore, complementation of drug treatment with a prophylactic vaccine would be an
enormous step forward for control and eventual elimination of blood-feeding GIN parasites. However, vaccine
development against blood-feeding GINs is complicated because these parasites are masters at evading the
immune system. We propose to use state-of-the art genomic, transcriptomic, and immunoinformatic techniques
to identify and prioritize novel vaccine targets against blood-feeding GINs. Preliminary data are encouraging. We
will use our promising preliminary data to investigate what constitutes a good vaccine against blood-feeding
GINs, as well as to improve the efficacy of one vaccine candidate by altering expression platforms and adjuvants.
Furthermore, we will use genomics, transcriptomics, and immunoinformatics to compare intestinal-specific genes
encoding putative secreted proteins between these two blood-feeding parasites, and to compare
immunomodulated genes encoding putative secreted intestinal proteins between these two nematode parasites.
These comparisons will be used to identify conserved, high-value blood-feeding-specific GIN antigens. These
candidate antigens will be tested first in our small animal model of human hookworm infection to identify single
hookworm vaccine antigens, and/or a combination of hookworm vaccine antigens, that will engender complete
or near-complete protection from infection in the laboratory. Promising antigens will be rapidly transferred to a
large animal system;; sheep will be vaccinated with the corresponding H. contortus antigens and similarly
assessed for protection. Immunological and mechanistic aspects of protection will be studied. Our goal is to
identify one or more immunogens that can be optimized in pre-clinical studies and then advanced to human and
ovine/caprine clinical trials.
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