Development of a contextually tailored and optimized smoking cessation intervention for homeless youth

为无家可归的青少年制定因地制宜、优化的戒烟干预措施

• 批准号: 9453189
• 负责人: Julianna Maria Nemeth
• 金额: $ 13.01万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-20 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9453189
• 关键词: Abstinence; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Cause of Death; Communities; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Homeless Youth; Intervention; Knowledge; Mentors; Methodology; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Phase; Physical environment; Population; Positioning Attribute; Provider; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Science; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Scientist; Services; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Social Environment; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Control Research; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco use; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Vulnerable Populations; Withholding Treatment; Work; Youth; addiction; base; behavioral health; career development; high risk population; implementation research; method development; mortality; novel; skills; smoking cessation; social; success; therapy development; tobacco control; treatment response; working group

ABSTRACT Scientific Premise. One million homeless youth smoke --70% of the population. Not only do homeless youth smoke at a rate 2.5 times higher than other youth populations, they engage in riskier smoking practices. Many homeless youth want to stop smoking, but most who attempt to quit do so without supported intervention. No known study has focused on smoking cessation effectiveness with homeless youth—a notable public health oversight. As the NCI Tobacco Control Research Priorities working group has noted, there have been few scientific advances in tobacco treatment in the past 20 years. Moreover, disparities in tobacco use between privileged and vulnerable populations have increased due to differential rates in access and treatment response to existent tobacco cessation intervention. Training Plan. Through this K07 career development grant, Dr. Nemeth will receive direct training in addiction and novel behavioral intervention science, and application of this knowledge to mentored research implementation, to optimize a contextually tailored cessation intervention for homeless youth. The mentoring team includes NIH-funded researchers with expertise in community-based intervention development for homeless youth and methodological approaches to the development of novel tobacco cessation strategies endorsed by the NCI. The overall training plan will equip Dr. Nemeth with skills to implement cessation intervention development studies with vulnerable youth populations using Multiphase Optimization STrategy (MOST) methodology. Mentored Research. Specific Aim 1 will establish a theoretical framework for cessation among homeless youth incorporating phase-specific capabilities and opportunities impacting motivation to engage in cessation (MOST Step 1). Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, Specific Aim 1 will determine: (1) What internal capabilities and social and physical environmental opportunities need to be in place for homeless youth smokers to be motivated to quit and engage supported treatment (Aim 1a); (2) What conditions internal to homeless youth smokers, and in their social and physical environment, are associated with 1) motivation to quit and 2) past quit attempts? (Aim 1b). Guided by the theoretical framework for cessation among homeless youth, Specific Aim 2 will identify a set of cessation intervention components and assess their implementation feasibility (MOST Step 2). This aim will apply a theoretical framework for smoking cessation among homeless youth in order to: (1) identify a set of cessation intervention components to test for effect on abstinence in future study (Aim 2a); and (2) assess acceptability and feasibility of cessation component implementation among homeless youth smokers and among their service providers (Aim 2b). This work has strong potential to reduce subsequent morbidity and mortality caused by smoking among homeless youth. Transition to Research Independence. This applied approach responds to a key scientific goal recommended by the NCI Tobacco Control Research Priorities working group that aims to increase access to, and the effectiveness of, behavioral health tobacco cessation treatment for high-risk populations. The training and mentored research plan will establish Dr. Nemeth as a tobacco control intervention scientist positioned to implement NIH-funded research in the optimization of multi-component behavioral interventions with highly traumatized and vulnerable youth populations.

摘要 科学前提。100万无家可归的青年吸烟--占总人口的70%。不仅无家可归者 青年吸烟率是其他青年人口的2.5倍，他们从事风险更高的吸烟行为。 许多无家可归的年轻人想要戒烟，但大多数试图戒烟的人在没有人支持的情况下戒烟 干预。目前还没有一项已知的研究集中在无家可归的年轻人戒烟的有效性上。 值得注意的公共卫生监督。正如NCI烟草控制研究优先工作组所指出的那样， 在过去的20年里，烟草治疗方面的科学进展很少。此外，不同国家之间的差距 由于获得烟草的比率不同，特权人群和弱势人群之间的烟草使用量有所增加 以及对现有戒烟干预措施的治疗反应。 培训计划。通过这项K07职业发展基金，内梅特博士将直接接受 成瘾和新的行为干预科学，以及这种知识在指导研究中的应用 实施，以优化针对无家可归青年的因地制宜的戒烟干预。指导工作 团队包括美国国立卫生研究院资助的研究人员，他们在基于社区的干预开发方面具有专业知识 无家可归的青年和制定新的戒烟策略的方法 由NCI背书。整个培训计划将使内梅特博士掌握实施戒烟的技能 基于多阶段优化策略的弱势青年人群干预发展研究 (大多数)方法论。 指导性研究。具体目标1将为无家可归者戒烟建立一个理论框架 青年具备特定阶段的能力和机会，影响戒烟动机 (大多数步骤1)。使用定性和定量方法，具体目标1将确定：(1)内部 需要为无家可归的青年提供能力以及社会和自然环境机会 鼓励吸烟者戒烟并接受辅助治疗(目标1a)；(2)内部条件是什么 无家可归的青年吸烟者，以及他们所处的社会和自然环境，与1)动机有关 退出和2)过去的退出尝试？(目标1b)。以无家可归者戒烟的理论框架为指导 青年，具体目标2将确定一套戒烟干预组成部分并评估其实施情况 可行性(大多数步骤2)。这一目标将应用于无家可归者戒烟的理论框架。 青年为了：(1)确定一套戒烟干预成分，以测试对戒酒的效果 未来研究(目标2a)；和(2)评估实施戒烟部分的可接受性和可行性 在无家可归的青年吸烟者及其服务提供者中(目标2b)。这项工作具有很强的潜力 减少无家可归青年因吸烟而导致的后续发病率和死亡率。 向研究独立过渡。这种实用的方法回应了一个关键的科学目标。 由NCI烟草控制研究优先工作组推荐，旨在增加获得， 以及针对高危人群的行为健康戒烟治疗的有效性。培训 指导研究计划将内梅特博士确立为烟草控制干预科学家 定位于实施美国国立卫生研究院资助的多组分行为优化研究 对高度受创伤和易受伤害的青年人口进行干预。