Neighborhood adversity and sensitivity to stress: a study of gene x environment interactions.

邻里逆境和对压力的敏感性：基因与环境相互作用的研究。

• 批准号: 9295463
• 负责人: Jennifer Williams Robinette
• 金额: $ 8.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-15 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9295463
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Age; Age-Years; Aging; Award; Blood; Blood specimen; California; Candidate Disease Gene; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic stress; Cognitive; Collection; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Set; Demographic Factors; Development; Disease; Disease Progression; Elderly; Environment; Exposure to; Funding; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Research; Genotype; Gerontology; Goals; Health; Health and Retirement Study; Heritability; Individual; Individual Differences; Inflammatory; Intervention; Linear Models; Link; Literature; Location; Longevity; Measures; Mental Health; Metabolic; Methodology; Molecular Genetics; Neighborhoods; Older Population; Participant; Pathway interactions; Perception; Physical Function; Physiological; Policies; Process; Psychologist; Psychophysiology; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Saliva; Sampling; Schools; Science of genetics; Shapes; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Status; Spottings; Stress; Surveys; Time; Training; Twin Multiple Birth; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Whole Blood; Woman; Work; age related; anxiety symptoms; career; cohesion; community planning; data acquisition; data resource; demographics; depressive symptoms; design; environmental stressor; frailty; gene environment interaction; genetic information; genome wide association study; hazard; health data; indexing; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; low socioeconomic status; men; multilevel analysis; negative affect; neighborhood safety; physical conditioning; population based; psychosocial; resilience; skills; social; stressor

ABSTRACT The aim of this K99/R00 Pathway to Independence Award application is to obtain training and conduct research in spatial sciences and molecular genetics at the Davis School of Gerontology at the University of Southern California (USC). The proposed projects will facilitate the PI’s transition to an independent researcher in health and aging with emphases in environments and genetics. The PI is a developmental health psychologist and has received rigorous training in multidisciplinary approaches to the social sciences. The proposed training will add substantially to the PI’s skills in neighborhoods and health and genetic research. Environments with a greater degree of crime, disorder, and decay may be a situation of chronic stress, with exposure to such environments potentially resulting in poor health. The proposed research is highly significant and innovative in its aims to methodologically advance understanding of relations between neighborhoods and health, investigate affective and physiological pathways explaining this link, and examine age and genetic moderation of this link. Through age-related declines in physical functioning and reduced mobility, older adults may be particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors. Older age is one of the largest risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, and the proposed research will examine cardiometabolic health in the context of multiple indices of environmental stressors. Additionally, genetic markers have been identified that are posited to partially explain individual differences in stress sensitivity and cardiometabolic diseases. Findings from the proposed research have the potential to inform policy and community-planning efforts. The proposed research will use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a population-based sample of people 50 years and older, and a NIH-funded Contextual Data Resource. HRS participants provide blood and saliva samples for an analysis of physiological well-being and genetic information and respond to questions about their neighborhoods and their health. The Contextual Data Resource that will be used in the proposed research contains information on psychosocial and physical environmental stressors. Generalized linear models will be used to examine individual-level data (participant neighborhood perceptions) and multi- level models will be used for neighborhood-level data (neighborhood SES, crime, disorder and decay). USC is an ideal location for conducting the proposed training, as there are ample intellectual, material, and structural resources available for researchers in aging, molecular genetics, neighborhoods and health, and psychophysiology. Funding for the R00 research projects will provide the necessary resources for the PI to develop data and expertise to launch an independent research career as well as an R01 proposal examining additional environmental stressors and cognitive and physical frailty among older adults.

摘要 申请K99/R00独立之路奖的目的是获得培训和进行 哈佛大学戴维斯老年学学院空间科学和分子遗传学研究 南加州(南加州大学)。拟议的项目将促进国际和平研究所向独立研究人员的过渡 在健康和老龄化方面，重点放在环境和遗传学上。PI是一种发育健康 他是一名心理学家，并接受过社会科学多学科方法的严格培训。这个 拟议的培训将大大增加PI在社区以及健康和基因研究方面的技能。 犯罪、无序和腐烂程度更高的环境可能是一种慢性压力的情况， 暴露在这种环境中可能会导致健康状况不佳。这项拟议的研究具有重要意义。 其目的是在方法论上促进对邻里之间关系的理解和创新 健康，调查解释这种联系的情感和生理途径，并检查年龄和遗传 此链接的节制。由于与年龄相关的身体功能下降和行动不便，老年人 可能特别容易受到环境压力的影响。老年是患高血压的最大风险因素之一。 心脏代谢性疾病，拟议的研究将在以下背景下检查心脏代谢性健康 环境应激源的多个指数。此外，已经确定了假定的遗传标记 以部分解释压力敏感性和心脏代谢性疾病的个体差异。研究结果： 拟议的研究有可能为政策和社区规划工作提供信息。 这项拟议的研究将使用健康和退休研究(HRS)的数据，HRS是一项基于人群的研究 50岁及以上人群的样本，以及NIH资助的上下文数据资源。人力资源管理系统参与者提供 血液和唾液样本，用于分析生理健康和遗传信息，并对 关于他们的社区和他们的健康的问题。中使用的上下文数据资源 拟议的研究包含有关心理、社会和物理环境应激源的信息。泛化 线性模型将被用来检查个人水平的数据(参与者的邻里感知)和多个 级别模型将用于邻居级别的数据(邻居SES、犯罪、混乱和衰败)。 南加州大学是进行拟议培训的理想地点，因为那里有充足的智力、材料和 可供老龄化、分子遗传学、社区和健康领域的研究人员使用的结构资源，以及 心理生理学。为R00研究项目提供的资金将为PI提供必要的资源 开发数据和专业知识以启动独立研究事业以及R01提案审查 其他环境应激源以及老年人的认知和身体虚弱。