Changing the Paradigm: CSA as a Preventable Public Health Problem

改变范式：CSA 作为一个可预防的公共卫生问题

• 批准号: 9416422
• 负责人: Elizabeth J Letourneau
• 金额: $ 60.93万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9416422
• 关键词: Address; Area; Awareness; Bass; Belief; Berlin; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Development; Child Sexual Abuse; Communication; Communication Research; Consensus; Criminal Justice; Data; Development; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Ensure; Etiology; Foundations; Glare; Goals; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; Knowledge; Maps; Mathematics; Mental disorders; Methods; Perception; Performance; Persons; Policies; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Public Opinion; Public Policy; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resources; Risk Factors; Sampling; Science; Shapes; Societies; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Translating; Translations; Victimization; Violence; World Health Organization; boys; burden of illness; comparative; cost; evidence base; experience; follow-up; girls; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; knowledge translation; multidisciplinary; novel strategies; offender; perpetrators; prevent; psychologic; response; sex; sexual predators; social; tool; violence prevention; virtual; webinar

Child sexual abuse (CSA) ranks 12th in preventable risk factors that contribute to the U.S. burden of disease, afflicts up to 25% of U.S. girls and 5% of boys, and exacts high psychological, social, and monetary costs from individuals and society. For over 25 years, experts have called for a public health approach to prevention of CSA to no avail. Public health prevention strategies have been successfully applied to virtually all types of child maltreatment with the single exception of CSA, which the public continues to view as unpreventable. Consequently, policymakers continue to address CSA almost exclusively with after-the-fact criminal justice policies that do little if anything to prevent CSA from occurring in the first place. Consistent with PAR-14-324, the proposed project brings together a multidisciplinary team that is uniquely poised to shift public opinion so that it aligns with experts' understanding of CSA as a preventable public health problem. The team includes co-investigators and consultants with extensive expertise in CSA prevention, policy, and practice as well as experts in public health-focused communications research. This project aims to create new communication strategies that effectively overcome gaps to align public with expert understanding of CSA (Aim 1), to rigorously evaluate those new communication strategies (Aim 2), and to broadly disseminate effective strategies to the CSA experts and practitioners who interact with the public and to journalist who report on CSA (Aim 3). To accomplish Aim 1 we will use qualitative data techniques to identify the expert consensus and public (and practitioner) opinions about CSA, and comparative analyses to characterize gaps between these understandings; these findings will inform the development of new CSA messaging strategies. To accomplish Aim 2 we will evaluate the efficacy of initial communication reframes via interviews, then conduct a nationally representative survey to test how the reframes influence public opinion, then conduct follow-up tests to evaluate the durability of reframes across retellings. To accomplish Aim 3 we will created online workshops, webinar and in-person trainings, a communications toolkit, and recommendations for journalists to broadly disseminate study findings and effective communication strategies. This project will be the first to create a systematic approach for effectively translating knowledge about CSA prevention and has unique potential to help achieve the critical goal of including CSA within the nation's violence prevention efforts.

儿童性虐待（CSA）在可预防的风险因素中排名第12 美国的疾病负担，折磨多达25％的美国女孩和5％的男孩，而且精确 个人和社会的心理，社会和货币成本。超过25 多年来，专家呼吁采用公共卫生方法来预防CSA，但无济于事。 公共卫生预防策略已成功应用于几乎所有类型的 儿童虐待和单一的CSA例外，公众继续查看该CSA 不可预防。因此，政策制定者几乎继续解决CSA 独家采用事后的刑事司法政策，几乎没有做任何阻止 CSA首先发生。与PAR-14-324（拟议项目）一致 汇集了一个多学科团队，该团队有独特的准备转移公众舆论，所以 它与专家对CSA的理解是可预防的公共卫生问题相吻合。 该团队包括在CSA中具有广泛专业知识的共同评估者和顾问 预防，政策和实践以及以公共卫生为中心的专家 通信研究。该项目旨在建立新的沟通策略 这有效地克服了与公众对CSA的专家理解（AIM 1）的差距（AIM 1）， 严格评估这些新的沟通策略（AIM 2），并广泛地评估 向与CSA专家和从业人员互动的有效策略传播有效的策略 报告CSA的公众和记者（AIM 3）。为了实现目标1我们将使用 定性数据技术以确定专家共识和公众（以及从业者） 关于CSA的意见以及比较分析以表征这些差距 理解；这些发现将为新的CSA消息传递的发展提供信息 策略。为了完成目标2，我们将评估初始交流的功效 通过访谈进行重新构架，然后进行全国代表性调查，以测试如何 重构影响公众舆论，然后进行后续测试以评估耐用性 跨复述的重构。为了完成目标3，我们将创建在线研讨会， 网络研讨会和面对面培训，通信工具包以及建议 记者广泛传播研究结果和有效的沟通策略。 该项目将是第一个创建有效翻译的系统方法 有关预防CSA的知识，并且具有帮助实现关键的独特潜力 将CSA纳入国家暴力预防工作的目标。