Changing the Paradigm: CSA as a Preventable Public Health Problem

儿童性虐待(CSA)在可预防的危险因素中排名第12位，这些因素有助于 美国的疾病负担，困扰着高达25%的美国女孩和5%的男孩，并高达 来自个人和社会的心理、社会和货币成本。超过25% 多年来，专家们一直呼吁采用公共卫生方法来预防CSA，但无济于事。 公共卫生预防战略已成功应用于几乎所有类型的 虐待儿童，但CSA除外，公众继续关注这一事件 是无法预防的。因此，政策制定者几乎继续解决CSA问题 完全是事后刑事司法政策，几乎不能防止 从一开始就阻止CSA的发生。根据PAR-14-324，拟议项目 汇聚了一支独一无二的、准备改变公众舆论的多学科团队 这与专家对CSA是一种可预防的公共卫生问题的理解一致。 该团队包括在CSA方面拥有广泛专业知识的合作调查员和顾问 预防、政策和实践以及以公共卫生为重点的专家 通信研究。该项目旨在创建新的沟通策略 有效克服差距，使公众与专家对CSA的理解保持一致(目标1)， 严格评估这些新的沟通策略(目标2)，并广泛 向与以下人员互动的CSA专家和从业者传播有效战略 公众和报道CSA的记者(目标3)。为了实现目标1，我们将使用 确定专家共识和公众(以及从业者)的定性数据技术 关于CSA的意见，并进行比较分析，以表征两者之间的差距 理解；这些发现将为开发新的CSA报文传送提供信息 战略。为了实现目标2，我们将评估初始沟通的效果 通过采访重塑框架，然后进行一项具有全国代表性的调查，以测试 重框影响舆论，然后进行后续测试以评估耐用性 整个重述过程中的重帧。为了实现目标3，我们将创建在线研讨会， 网络研讨会和面对面培训、沟通工具包以及 新闻工作者广泛传播研究结果和有效的传播策略。 该项目将是第一个创建有效翻译的系统方法的项目 关于CSA预防的知识，并具有独特的潜力来帮助实现 将CSA纳入国家暴力预防工作的目标。

Child sexual abuse (CSA) ranks 12th in preventable risk factors that contribute to the U.S. burden of disease, afflicts up to 25% of U.S. girls and 5% of boys, and exacts high psychological, social, and monetary costs from individuals and society. For over 25 years, experts have called for a public health approach to prevention of CSA to no avail. Public health prevention strategies have been successfully applied to virtually all types of child maltreatment with the single exception of CSA, which the public continues to view as unpreventable. Consequently, policymakers continue to address CSA almost exclusively with after-the-fact criminal justice policies that do little if anything to prevent CSA from occurring in the first place. Consistent with PAR-14-324, the proposed project brings together a multidisciplinary team that is uniquely poised to shift public opinion so that it aligns with experts' understanding of CSA as a preventable public health problem. The team includes co-investigators and consultants with extensive expertise in CSA prevention, policy, and practice as well as experts in public health-focused communications research. This project aims to create new communication strategies that effectively overcome gaps to align public with expert understanding of CSA (Aim 1), to rigorously evaluate those new communication strategies (Aim 2), and to broadly disseminate effective strategies to the CSA experts and practitioners who interact with the public and to journalist who report on CSA (Aim 3). To accomplish Aim 1 we will use qualitative data techniques to identify the expert consensus and public (and practitioner) opinions about CSA, and comparative analyses to characterize gaps between these understandings; these findings will inform the development of new CSA messaging strategies. To accomplish Aim 2 we will evaluate the efficacy of initial communication reframes via interviews, then conduct a nationally representative survey to test how the reframes influence public opinion, then conduct follow-up tests to evaluate the durability of reframes across retellings. To accomplish Aim 3 we will created online workshops, webinar and in-person trainings, a communications toolkit, and recommendations for journalists to broadly disseminate study findings and effective communication strategies. This project will be the first to create a systematic approach for effectively translating knowledge about CSA prevention and has unique potential to help achieve the critical goal of including CSA within the nation's violence prevention efforts.