Sweetened Beverages and Cardiovascular Disease in Rats

描述（由申请人提供）：含糖饮料（SSB）的消费越来越多地与负面健康结果相关，包括超重、肥胖、2型糖尿病、心脏病和中风。因此，有人提出了一种策略，即在改善健康状况的前提下，用人工加糖饮料（ASB）代替SSB。不幸的是，不仅很少有数据支持ASB能改善健康，而且最近的前瞻性队列研究表明，那些服用ASB的人也面临同样负面后果的风险增加。这种反直觉的效果可能是因为ASB干扰了基本的学习过程，而这些学习过程通常有助于调节食物摄入、体重维持和血糖稳态。事实上，使用大鼠模型的短期研究表明，给予ASB的动物表现出体重增加和肥胖以及高血糖。这项工作的目标是确定长期暴露于SSB或ASB是否与代谢或心血管功能的变化有因果关系，使用新的4D超声技术，该技术允许在大鼠模型中重复，纵向分析体内心血管动力学，以确定饮料消费导致超重，肥胖，糖尿病和心血管疾病的时间特征和机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has increasingly been associated with negative health outcomes including overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease and stroke. As a result, one strategy that has been suggested is to substitute artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) for SSB under the premise that this will result in improved health outcomes. Unfortunately, not only are there few data to support that health is improved by ASB, but recent prospective cohort studies suggest that those who consume ASB are also at increased risk for the same negative consequences. This counterintuitive effect may occur because ASB interfere with basic learning processes that normally contribute to the regulation of food intake, body weight maintenance, and blood glucose homeostasis. In fact, short-term studies using a rat model have demonstrated that animals given ASB show increased weight gain and adiposity along with hyperglycemia. The goal of the proposed work is to determine whether long-term exposure to either SSB or ASB is causally linked to changes in metabolic or cardiovascular function using novel 4D ultrasound technology which permits repeated, longitudinal analysis of cardiovascular dynamics in vivo in a rat model to identify the temporal characteristics and mechanisms by which beverage consumption contributes to overweight, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.