Molecular Stable Isotope Profiles of Dietary Exposure

营养是预防疾病的关键组成部分;然而，某些食物对健康的影响， 包括含糖饮料和肉类在内的食品安全问题继续受到激烈辩论。一个主要 限制我们在饮食和健康之间得出结论性联系的因素是错误和偏见 自我报告的饮食摄入量中固有的;因此，迫切需要饮食的客观生物标志物。 本项目将评估一种新型的含糖饮料（SSB）的客观生物标志物， 肉类和鱼类摄入量：分子稳定同位素分布或“MSIP”。要生成MSIP， 稳定同位素比率的自然发生的差异将在一组个体中测量， 分子，包括氨基酸和脂肪酸。因为许多食物，包括SSB，肉类和 鱼，在它们的稳定同位素比率和它们的分子概况方面自然不同，我们应该 能够通过测量每种生物标志物的饮食特异性来改善它们， 组合. 这项研究利用了目前正在进行的为期12周的住院喂养研究（55%）。 完成）在NIDDK凤凰城流行病学和临床研究分支（PECRB）。的 “开发膳食生物标志物（DBD）”研究旨在测试全组织稳定同位素 血浆、红细胞中长期膳食暴露于SSB、肉类和鱼类的生物标志物 (RBC)毛发和脂肪组织（ClinicalTrials.gov上的#NCT01237093）。治疗组 包括存在或不存在膳食SSB、肉和鱼所有组合，允许所有三种 饮食的影响以及它们之间的相互作用将在一个有效的设计进行测试。DBD研究 提供了一个理想的平台，用于评估MSIP作为SSB，肉类和鱼类摄入量的生物标志物， 用于测量血浆和RBC中它们在12小时内变化的时间范围， 周饮食干预。 具体目标1将评估氨基酸MSIP作为SSB、肉类和 血浆、红细胞和毛发中的鱼类摄入量，以及氨基酸MSIP变化的时间范围 血浆和红细胞中的蛋白质含量。具体目标2将评价脂肪酸MSIP的有效性， SSB的生物标志物，血浆，RBC和脂肪组织中的肉类和鱼类摄入量，以及时间范围 血浆和RBC中脂肪酸MSIP随饮食变化而变化。 基于稳定同位素比的饮食生物标志物已经吸引了越来越多的兴趣;然而， 知识差距依然存在，特别是在特定分子同位素测量方面。这 研究结合了先进的分析方法， 喂养研究，以验证一种有前途的新型饮食生物标志物，用于公共卫生研究。

Nutrition is a key component of disease prevention; however, the health effects of certain foods, including sugar-sweetened beverages and meat, continue to be vigorously debated. A major factor limiting our ability to draw conclusive links between diet and health is the error and bias inherent in self-reported dietary intake; thus, objective biomarkers of diet are critically needed. This project will evaluate a new type of objective biomarkers of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), meat, and fish intake: molecular stable isotope profiles or “MSIPs”. To generate MSIPs, naturally-occurring differences in stable isotope ratio will be measured in suites of individual molecules, including amino acids and fatty acids. Because many foods, including SSBs, meat and fish, differ naturally in both their stable isotope ratios and their molecular profiles, we should be able to improve the dietary specificity of each type of biomarker by measuring them in combination. This research leverages a 12-week, inpatient feeding study that is currently underway (55% complete) at the NIDDK Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch (PECRB). The “Developing Biomarkers of Diet (DBD)” study was designed to test whole-tissue stable isotope biomarkers of long-term dietary exposure to SSB, meat and fish in blood plasma, red blood cells (RBC), hair and adipose tissue (#NCT01237093 at ClinicalTrials.gov). The treatment arms include all combinations of presence or absence of dietary SSB, meat and fish, allowing all three dietary effects as well as their interactions to be tested in an efficient design. The DBD study presents an ideal platform for assessing MSIPs as biomarkers of SSB, meat and fish intake and for measuring the time frame over which they change in plasma and RBC over the course of a 12 week dietary intervention. Specific Aim 1 will evaluate the validity of amino acid MSIPs as biomarkers of SSB, meat and fish intake in plasma, RBC and hair, and the time frame over which amino acid MSIPs change with diet in plasma and RBC. Specific Aim 2 will evaluate the validity of fatty acid MSIPs as biomarkers of SSB, meat and fish intake in plasma, RBC and adipose tissue, and the time frame over which fatty acid MSIPs change with diet in plasma and RBC. Biomarkers of diet based on stable isotope ratios have attracted growing interest; however, knowledge gaps remain, specifically related to molecule-specific isotopic measures. This research combines advanced analytical methodology with an unusually long and well-controlled feeding study to validate a promising new type of dietary biomarker for public health research.