Propagation patterns of microelectrode-recorded human interictal discharges

癫痫患者自己报告的癫痫最常见的负担是 他们的癫痫发作缺乏可预测性。虽然癫痫发作很少发生，而且不可预测， 发作间期癫痫样放电（IEDs）是发作之间的孤立性癫痫样放电 可以相对频繁地发生;高达每秒几次。虽然IED是 与癫痫相关，对IED的潜在生理学和 简易爆炸装置和癫痫发作之间的关系仍然是个谜我们研究计划的总体目标 是了解简易爆炸装置的空间传播及其与癫痫发作核心的关系， 评估简易爆炸装置的空间和神经特性作为预测工具的潜力， 定位癫痫发作的时间和地点 研究简易爆炸装置和人类癫痫发作之间关系的重大障碍来自于 临床记录的低分辨率，这也使得这些记录难以比较 更多关于动物身上简易爆炸装置的机制研究我们将通过检查 在11名癫痫患者的微电极阵列中记录了数千个IED。这些 阵列对由标准临床电极记录的大致相同的区域进行二次采样， 穿透微电极。这些阵列的密度和它们记录单个单元的能力 活动将使我们能够在临床颅内EEG和单个人类神经元之间进行转换 活动 我们建议通过以下方式了解IED与癫痫发作区相关的神经生理学 三个具体目标。目的1将阐明简易爆炸装置如何穿越大脑皮层，相对于 癫痫发作区的位置。我们假设简易爆炸装置会传播到癫痫发作 发病区，并将变得更加一致的癫痫发作的方法。目标2将侧重于 了解IED的神经元放电和高频LFP相关性，以确定 与距癫痫发作区的距离相关。 总之，这些目标将提高我们对IED神经生理学的理解， 简易爆炸装置的生理特征与癫痫发作区的关系。不确定性的任何降低 从简易爆炸装置中收集到的关于癫痫发作的信息， 癫痫患者的日常生活因此，这些实验对于 了解简易爆炸装置的神经元和空间特性，这将有助于诊断， 治疗难治性癫痫。

The most common burden of epilepsy, reported by epilepsy patients themselves, is the lack of predictability of their seizures. While seizures occur infrequently and are unpredictable, interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are isolated epileptiform discharges between seizures that can occur relatively frequently; up to several times per second. While IEDs are associated with epilepsy, little is known about the underlying physiology of IEDs and the relationship between IEDs and seizures remains a mystery. The overall goal of our research proposal is to understand the spatial propagation of IEDs and their relationship to the seizure core with the potential for evaluating spatial and neuronal properties of IEDs as predictive tools for localizing when and where a seizure happens. The significant barriers to studying the relationship between IEDs and seizures in humans stem from the low resolution of clinical recordings, which also makes these recordings difficult to compare to more mechanistic studies of IEDs in animals. We will address this gap by examining thousands of IEDs recorded from microelectrode arrays in 11 human epilepsy patients. These arrays subsample approximately the same area recorded by a standard clinical electrode with 96 penetrating microelectrodes. The density of these arrays and their ability to record single unit activity will allow us to translate between clinical intracranial EEG and single human neuron activity. We propose to understand IED neurophysiology relative to the seizure onset zone via the following three Specific Aims. Aim 1 will elucidate how IEDs travel across the cortex, relative to the location of the seizure onset zone. We hypothesize that IEDs will propagate towards the seizure onset zone and will become more consistent as a seizure approaches. Aim 2 will focus on understanding neuronal firing and high frequency LFP correlates of IEDs in order to determine a correlate of distance from the seizure onset zone. Together, these aims will improve our understanding of the neurophysiology of IEDs and how physiological features of IEDs relate to the seizure onset zone. Any reduction in uncertainty that can be gleaned about seizure occurrence from IEDs will be highly valuable for epilepsy patients’ everyday lives. These experiments will therefore be important for understanding the neuronal and spatial properties of IEDs, which will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of medically refractory epilepsy.