Developing a novel pupillometric assessment of autonomic function: Testing targeted individual differences in BMI, temperament & aerobic fitness

开发一种新颖的自主神经功能瞳孔测量评估方法：测试 BMI、气质方面的针对性个体差异

• 批准号: 9806928
• 负责人: Margaret M Bradley
• 金额: $ 22.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9806928
• 关键词: Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Aftercare; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Autonomic Dysfunction; Autonomic nervous system; Biological Assay; Body mass index; Caliber; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Clinic; Clinical; Computer software; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dilator; Discriminant Analysis; Disease; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Fright; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Guidelines; Individual Differences; Laboratories; Light; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Mood Disorders; Moods; Muscle; Mydriasis; Nervous System Physiology; Nervous system structure; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Obesity; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Patients; Persons; Population; Principal Component Analysis; Procedures; Pupil; Pupil light reflex; Questionnaires; Reflex action; Respiration; Rest; Sampling; Specificity; Sphincter; Stimulus; Stress; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperament; Testing; base; constriction; diabetic; heart rate variability; hedonic; indexing; instrument; negative affect; nervous system disorder; new technology; novel; psychologic; psychological stressor; response; screening; treatment effect; visual stimulus

Project Summary/Abstract Stress, both physical and psychological, is associated with compromised autonomic function, altering either parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system activity. Autonomic dysfunction is implicated in physical (obesity/diabetes, etc.), psychological (anxiety/mood disorders, etc.) and neurological (Parkinson's, etc. ) disorders, making it critical to develop reliable measures of system function. A classic cardiovascular measure of parasympathetic function computes the variability in the beat-to-beat electrocardiogram, but, recently, existing cardiovascular measures of sympathetic nervous system activity have been called into question, prompting a search for new technologies. This exploratory proposal investigates pupillometry as a novel measure of autonomic function, since pupil diameter is under the control of two muscles - the sphincter and dilator - that are separately innervated by parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system activity, respectively. Recent data from our laboratory suggest that different independent variables – the brightness and emotional arousal of visually presented stimuli – can be used to independently index activity mediated by the parasympathetic (sphincter) or sympathetic (dilator) nervous system. This proposal is the first to suggest that pupil diameter may serve as a new, non-invasive, easy-to-measure index of autonomic function and it's specific aims include: 1) assessing the test-retest reliability, agreeability, and validity of autonomic estimates based on pupil diameter in separate bi-weekly assessments. 2) compare autonomic estimates based on pupillary measures to classical cardiovascular estimates of autonomic function, and 3) explore whether estimates of autonomic function defined by pupil diameter covary as expected based on demonstrated individual differences in autonomic profiles based on body mass index, core negative affect, and aerobic exercise. To the extent that pupil diameter serves as a reliable, valid index of autonomic system function that is sensitive to individual differences, it promises an exciting new avenue in diagnosing autonomic dysfunction in a variety of physical, psychological, and neurological disorders, as well as in assessing effects of treatment on autonomic nervous system action.

项目摘要/摘要 生理和心理上的压力都与自主神经功能受损有关， 改变副交感或交感神经系统活动。自主神经功能障碍是 与身体(肥胖/糖尿病等)、心理(焦虑/情绪障碍等)有关和 神经科(帕金森氏症等)混乱，这使得制定可靠的系统衡量标准变得至关重要 功能。一种经典的心血管副交感神经功能测量方法计算出 一次又一次的心电图，但最近，现有的心血管指标交感神经 系统活动受到质疑，促使人们寻找新技术。这 探索性建议研究瞳孔测量法作为一种新的自主神经功能测量方法，因为 直径受控于分别支配的两块肌肉？？括约肌和扩张肌。 分别由副交感或交感神经系统活动引起。来自我们的最新数据 实验室表明，不同的自变量--大脑的亮度和情绪唤醒 视觉呈现的刺激-可以用来独立地指示由 副交感(括约肌)或交感(扩张器)神经系统。这项提议是第一个 提示瞳孔直径可作为一种新的、无创的、易于测量的自主神经指标 功能及其具体目标包括：1)评估重测的信度、适宜性和效度 在单独的双周评估中，基于瞳孔直径的自主评估。2)比较 基于瞳孔测量的自主神经评估与经典心血管自主神经评估 功能，以及3)探索由瞳孔直径定义的自主神经功能的估计是否存在如下变化 基于已证实的基于体重的自主神经特征的个体差异而预期的 指标、核心负性情绪、有氧运动。在一定程度上，瞳孔直径是可靠的， 对个体差异敏感的自主系统功能的有效指标，它保证了 在各种生理、心理和心理疾病中诊断自主神经功能障碍的令人兴奋的新途径 在评估治疗对自主神经系统活动的影响时，也需要对神经系统紊乱进行评估。