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Extending the Effectiveness of Vehicle Alcohol Interlocks

扩大车辆酒精联锁装置的有效性

基本信息

批准号：
9226045
负责人：
Michael Scherer
金额：
$ 22.99万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-03-01 至 2019-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9226045
关键词：
Accounting Adopted Agreement Alcohols Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Characteristics Client Congresses Data Device Removal Devices Drunk driving Education Effectiveness Evaluation Excision Exercise Florida Frequencies Future Government Harm Reduction Health behavior Intervention Laws Lead Meta-Analysis Methods Monitor Mothers Motor Vehicles Participant Performance Public Health Reporting Research Research Institute Respondent Safety Series Specialist Statutes and Laws Supervision Surveys Telephone Interviews Time Typology United States Vehicle crash Work convict coping design drinking drinking behavior driving behavior driving under influence experience follow-up high risk high risk behavior ignition interlock device impaired driving performance improved interest intervention program offender prevent programs public health relevance rapid growth recidivism success therapy design therapy development

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The extensive evidence that vehicle alcohol interlocks reduce recidivism of driving under the influence (DUI) offenders by two-thirds has resulted in a national effort-led by Mothers Against Drunk Driving and supported by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration-to encourage all states to enact laws requiring interlocks for all DUI offenders. This, in turn, has led to a rapid growth in the application of these devices; approximately 300,000 interlock devices are currently in use. A major limitation in their effectiveness, however, is that the safety benefit they produce occurs only during the 6- to 12-month period while installed on offenders' vehicles, a relatively short segment of time in which their high-risk driving is controlled compared to the lifetime of driving that follows. There is strong evidence that, during that period on the interlock, most offenders adapt their drinking and driving to avoid being prevented from starting their cars, and that those who do so have lower recidivism following interlock removal. In contrast, those who fail to adapt and continue to have lockouts have greater recidivism following device removal. Thus, an important opportunity exists to create interventions promoting adaptation to the interlock, thereby reducing recidivism and extending benefits. This application takes advantage of a close working relationship between the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation and the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. This relationship (developed over a decade of research covering 150,000 DUIs) has provided the basis for the department's agreement to assist in our proposed survey of 6oo offenders on their entrance and exit from the interlock program. This exploratory research aims to develop a typology of interlock users that will help program managers predict which offenders will have problems adapting to the interlock and understand how interlock users adapt their drinking and driving behavior to the interlock experience. Ultimately, this information can lead to the development of an intervention designed to help offenders preserve the improved health behaviors adopted while on the interlock device.

描述（由申请人提供）：大量证据表明，车辆酒精联锁减少累犯的影响下驾驶（DUI）罪犯三分之二，导致了全国性的努力，由母亲反对酒后驾车领导，并由国家公路交通安全管理局支持，鼓励所有国家颁布法律，要求所有DUI罪犯联锁。这反过来又导致这些装置的应用迅速增长;目前约有30万个联锁装置在使用中。然而，其有效性的一个主要限制是，它们产生的安全效益只在安装在违法者车辆上的6至12个月期间发生，与随后的驾驶寿命相比，这是一个相对较短的时间段，在此期间，他们的高风险驾驶得到控制。有强有力的证据表明，在联锁期间，大多数犯罪者会调整他们的酒后驾驶，以避免被阻止启动他们的汽车，而且那些这样做的人在联锁解除后再犯率较低。相比之下，那些无法适应并继续锁定的人在移除设备后有更大的再犯率。因此，存在一个重要的机会，创造干预措施，促进适应联锁，从而减少累犯和扩大福利。该应用程序利用了太平洋研究和评估研究所与佛罗里达公路安全和机动车辆部之间的密切工作关系。这种关系（经过十多年的研究，涵盖15万次酒后驾车）为司法部同意协助我们对600名罪犯进行调查提供了基础。这项探索性研究的目的是开发一种类型的联锁用户，这将有助于项目经理预测哪些罪犯将有问题，以适应联锁，并了解联锁用户如何调整他们的饮酒和驾驶行为的联锁经验。最终，这些信息可以导致开发一种干预措施，旨在帮助罪犯保持在联锁装置上时所采取的改善的健康行为。