Dynamic sensory representations in adult auditory cortex

成人听觉皮层的动态感觉表征

• 批准号: 9404442
• 负责人: JEFFRY S ISAACSON
• 金额: $ 47.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9404442
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Auditory system; Autistic Disorder; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Cells; Chronic; Code; Cognition Disorders; Communication; Development; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Felis catus; Functional disorder; Head; Hearing; Image; Individual; Interneurons; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Mammals; Mediating; Methods; Mus; Music; Neurons; Neurosciences; Optics; Perception; Physiological; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Primates; Property; Quality of life; Research; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Specificity; Stimulus; Techniques; Time; auditory processing; awake; base; calcium indicator; cell type; critical developmental period; experience; experimental study; extracellular; flexibility; habituation; in vivo; information processing; insight; neuronal circuitry; optogenetics; relating to nervous system; response; sensory cortex; sound; two-photon

Project Summary/Abstract The sense of hearing contributes significantly to our quality of life. Indeed, the auditory system plays a fundamental role in our awareness of our local environment, communication, and our ability to enjoy music. However, the mechanisms underlying the processing and encoding of sensory information in the brain are not clear. To address this question, we study the properties of neuronal circuits in the auditory cortex, a higher brain region important for sound perception. The long-term objective of our research is to understand how the interplay of different types of excitatory and inhibitory circuits regulate sensory information processing in the brain. The experiments proposed employ optical recording techniques to study the response properties of large ensembles of neurons in auditory cortex. Specific Aim 1 proposes the development of a strategy for chronic, in vivo two-photon recording of activity from identified cell populations in the primary auditory cortex of awake, head-fixed mice. We will use this approach to determine the tuning properties and spatial organization of principal cells in different cortical layers as well as distinct subtypes of inhibitory interneurons. Specific Aim 2 proposes to investigate how sensory representations in adult auditory cortex are shaped by experience. We hypothesize that brief daily experience to sounds causes a long-lasting habituation of cortical principal cell responses mediated by local inhibitory interneurons. Specific Aim 3 proposes to investigate how cortical activity is modulated by sound-guided behavior. We hypothesize that engagement in an auditory task rapidly enhances cortical representations to sounds compared to passive listening. Moreover, this modulation by sound-guided behavior is also due to changes in the activity of local interneurons. Together, these experiments will show that cortical sensory representations are highly flexible and bidirectionally modulated by local inhibitory circuits that regulate the salience of acoustic stimuli.

项目摘要/摘要 听觉对我们的生活质量有很大的贡献。事实上，听觉系统扮演着一个 在我们对当地环境的认识、交流和享受音乐的能力中扮演着重要的角色。 然而，大脑中处理和编码感觉信息的潜在机制并不是 安全。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了高级大脑--听觉皮质中神经元回路的特性。 对声音感知很重要的区域。我们研究的长期目标是了解 不同类型的兴奋和抑制回路调节大脑中的感觉信息处理。 所提出的实验利用光学记录技术来研究大电流的响应特性 听觉皮质中的神经元团。具体目标1建议制定一项慢性病战略。 活体双光子记录觉醒的初级听觉皮质中已识别的细胞群的活动， 头部固定的老鼠。我们将使用此方法来确定主体的调整属性和空间组织 不同皮质层的细胞以及不同亚型的抑制性中间神经元。具体目标2建议 研究成人听觉皮质的感觉表征是如何由经验塑造的。我们假设 对声音的短暂日常体验导致皮层主细胞反应介导的长期习惯化 通过局部抑制性中间神经元。具体目标3建议研究大脑皮质活动是如何通过 声音引导的行为。我们假设，参与听觉任务会迅速增强大脑皮质 与被动倾听相比，对声音的表征。此外，这种声导行为的调制 也是由于局部中间神经元的活动发生了变化。总而言之，这些实验将表明，大脑皮质 感官表征高度灵活，并由局部抑制电路双向调节 声学刺激的突出性。