Workplace Wellness climate and Substance Abuse Prevention in Small Businesses: A Cluster Randomized Trial and Psychometric Analysis

标题：小企业的工作场所健康环境和药物滥用预防：一个集群 随机试验与心理测量学分析 项目摘要(摘要) 酒精和其他药物(AOD)使用的许多经济成本源于由于以下原因导致的生产率下降 工人缺勤和生病。虽然大多数研究是在大型组织中进行的，但小型企业 需要最多的帮助。实施了小企业健康倡议(SBWI)，以适应和 评估团队意识计划。团队意识基于工作场所预防的概念， 针对三个级别的风险和保护因素：员工、工作组和组织。在组织中 在水平上，团队意识针对的是风险因素(例如，容忍工作时饮酒的饮酒文化)和 保护性气候(例如，感知到的同事锻炼、健康饮食和适度饮酒) 这些措施被认为可以促进或防止AOD风险。尽管有证据表明这些气候因素 与物质使用和健康结果有关，现有的研究只分析了 个人层面的认知，并专注于高风险的气候。该提案确定了一种保护性和 团体-气候、组织健康状况的综合衡量标准，被认为可以降低患病风险和 因使用药物或其他不健康行为而缺席的。组织健康氛围(OWC) 措施和其他既定的气候措施通过在3点发放的问卷进行评估。 SBWI期间的时间段。建议的项目有两个目标：(1)检查要素结构 进行气候问卷调查，确定最可靠、最有效的组织健康状况气候指标 这可以与其他气候因素区分开来，以及(2)测试药物滥用预防的影响 关于小企业中组织层面的气候和个人层面的AOD风险的计划。身份识别 验证一种新的简短的组织健康环境衡量标准可以帮助研究人员和 企业在其健康促进和AOD预防工作中的作用。通过测试一种预防模式 有效性，这项研究将有助于科学地理解如何干预以创造健康的工作 气候，降低AOD风险，并改善服务不足的小企业人群的健康。

Title: Workplace Wellness Climate and Substance Abuse Prevention in Small Businesses: A Cluster Randomized Trial and Psychometric Analysis Project Summary (Abstract) Many economic costs of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use stem from decreased productivity due to worker absences and illness. While most of the research is conducted in large organizations, small businesses need the most assistance. The Small Business Wellness Initiative (SBWI) was implemented to adapt and evaluate the Team Awareness program. Team Awareness is based on a concept of workplace prevention that targets risk and protective factors at three levels: employee, workgroup, and organization. At the organizational level, Team Awareness targets both risk factors (e.g., drinking culture that tolerates drinking on the job) and protective climates (e.g., perceived coworker practices of exercise, healthy eating, and temperate drinking) as these are assumed to either promote or prevent AOD risks. Though there is evidence that these climate factors are associated with substance use and health outcomes, extant studies have only analyzed climate at the individual-level of perceptions, and have focused on risky climates. This proposal identifies a protective and group-aggregated measure of climate, organizational wellness, posited to reduce the risks of illness and absences due to substance use and other unhealthy behavior. The organizational wellness climate (OWC) measure and other established climate measures were assessed with questionnaires administered at three time periods during the SBWI. The proposed project has two aims: (1) examine the factor structure of the climate questionnaire and determine the most reliable and valid brief organizational wellness climate measure that can be distinguished from other climate factors, and (2) test the impact of a substance abuse prevention programs on organizational-level climate and individual-level AOD risk in small businesses. The identification and validation of a new short-form organizational wellness climate measure can help researchers and businesses in their health promotion and AOD prevention efforts. By testing a model of prevention effectiveness, this study will contribute to scientific understanding of how to intervene to create healthy work climates, reduce AOD risk, and improve health in the underserved population of small businesses.