Workplace Wellness climate and Substance Abuse Prevention in Small Businesses: A Cluster Randomized Trial and Psychometric Analysis

标题：小企业的工作场所健康气候和药物滥用预防：一个集群 随机试验和心理测量分析 项目摘要（摘要） 酒精和其他药物（AOD）使用的许多经济成本源于生产力下降， 工人缺勤和生病。虽然大多数研究都是在大型组织中进行的，但小型企业 最需要帮助。小企业健康倡议（SBWI）的实施，以适应和 评估团队意识计划。团队意识基于工作场所预防的概念， 针对三个层次的风险和保护因素：员工，企业和组织。在组织 团队意识针对两个风险因素（例如，饮酒文化，容忍在工作中饮酒）， 保护性气候（例如，运动、健康饮食和适度饮酒）， 这些被认为是促进或防止AOD风险。尽管有证据表明这些气候因素 与物质使用和健康结果有关，现有的研究只分析了气候在 个人层面的看法，并侧重于危险的气候。该提案确定了一个保护性和 集体气候，组织健康的措施，假设减少疾病的风险， 由于使用药物和其他不健康的行为而缺席。组织健康气候（OWC） 措施和其他既定的气候措施进行了评估，问卷调查管理在三个 在SBWI期间。本研究有两个目的：（1）探讨影响因素结构， 气候问卷，并确定最可靠和有效的简要组织健康气候措施 可以与其他气候因素区分开来，（2）测试药物滥用预防的影响 小企业组织层面的气候和个人层面的AOD风险计划。识别 一种新的简短的组织健康气候测量方法的验证可以帮助研究人员， 企业在促进健康和预防AOD方面的努力。通过测试一种预防模式， 有效性，本研究将有助于科学地了解如何干预，创造健康的工作 气候，降低AOD风险，并改善小企业服务不足人群的健康状况。

Title: Workplace Wellness Climate and Substance Abuse Prevention in Small Businesses: A Cluster Randomized Trial and Psychometric Analysis Project Summary (Abstract) Many economic costs of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use stem from decreased productivity due to worker absences and illness. While most of the research is conducted in large organizations, small businesses need the most assistance. The Small Business Wellness Initiative (SBWI) was implemented to adapt and evaluate the Team Awareness program. Team Awareness is based on a concept of workplace prevention that targets risk and protective factors at three levels: employee, workgroup, and organization. At the organizational level, Team Awareness targets both risk factors (e.g., drinking culture that tolerates drinking on the job) and protective climates (e.g., perceived coworker practices of exercise, healthy eating, and temperate drinking) as these are assumed to either promote or prevent AOD risks. Though there is evidence that these climate factors are associated with substance use and health outcomes, extant studies have only analyzed climate at the individual-level of perceptions, and have focused on risky climates. This proposal identifies a protective and group-aggregated measure of climate, organizational wellness, posited to reduce the risks of illness and absences due to substance use and other unhealthy behavior. The organizational wellness climate (OWC) measure and other established climate measures were assessed with questionnaires administered at three time periods during the SBWI. The proposed project has two aims: (1) examine the factor structure of the climate questionnaire and determine the most reliable and valid brief organizational wellness climate measure that can be distinguished from other climate factors, and (2) test the impact of a substance abuse prevention programs on organizational-level climate and individual-level AOD risk in small businesses. The identification and validation of a new short-form organizational wellness climate measure can help researchers and businesses in their health promotion and AOD prevention efforts. By testing a model of prevention effectiveness, this study will contribute to scientific understanding of how to intervene to create healthy work climates, reduce AOD risk, and improve health in the underserved population of small businesses.