Mental health phenotypes shaped by trauma exposure, symptom severity, and individual characteristics among recent Latinx immigrant adults

项目摘要/摘要 拉丁美洲的暴力和创伤极大地促进了移民到美国， 引起人们对美国/墨西哥边境被迫移民的心理健康后果的关注。创伤性的 这些事件发生在移徙的每个阶段，并对心理健康产生负面影响。有证据表明，拉丁人 在美国的移民享有最初的健康优势，这种优势随着在美国停留的时间而减弱，因为 移民经历了歧视，不太可能寻求健康和心理健康护理。还有，这个 在对子群体进行分析时，健康优势就成了问题。没有足够的证据证明 创伤暴露的交集；个体特征；以及抑郁、焦虑、 和创伤后应激障碍在最近的拉丁裔移民成年人中。该K01奖提出了一种混合方法设计， 结合潜在类别分析方法开发近期拉丁裔移民的心理健康表型 基于心理创伤、个体特征和心理健康的交叉点。这项研究将继续发展 跨部门研究创伤和心理健康的伦理方法，并为未来奠定基础 心理健康表型演变的前瞻性研究，为干预措施的开发和实施提供信息。 本研究有三个具体目标：(1)在一个样本中发展初步的心理健康表型 使用潜在类别分析方法分析最近的拉丁裔移民成年人，并检查他们的人口统计学和创伤 暴露相关(创伤暴露、性别、年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育、原籍国和 种族)；(2)提供对参与者创伤暴露和精神体验的深入了解 健康使用定性方法阐明SA1的发现；以及(3)验证表型和任何 通过对313名新近拉美裔人的第二次调查样本的定性数据得出的其他结构 美国/墨西哥边境的成年移民。 我的职业发展计划包括三个培训目标：(1)在 结构方程建模和潜类分析方法以及增长曲线建模和潜类分析方法 过渡分析；(2)在交叉点获得定性和混合方法研究方面的广泛专业知识 强调空间的拉美裔移民的创伤暴露、个体特征和心理健康 和时间；(3)发展对公共健康有影响的人类研究的伦理行为方面的专门知识，包括 了解创伤暴露的性别差异，以及招聘和预期保留 (4)在传播和翻译研究方面发展广泛的专门知识， 移民人口是政策和实践者的受众。这个K01奖将支持我长期的职业生涯 目标是成为一名独立的调查员，对 最近在美国的拉丁裔移民的心理健康状况。这项研究计划将为多地点R01产生数据 美国拉丁裔移民创伤暴露轨迹与心理健康的前瞻性研究

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Exposure to violence and trauma in Latin America significantly contributes to migration to the U.S., bringing attention to the mental health consequences of forced migration at the U.S./Mexico border. Traumatic events occur at every stage of migration and negatively impact mental health. Evidence suggests that Latinx immigrants in the U.S. enjoy an initial health advantage that erodes over time spent in the country as immigrants experience discrimination and are less likely to seek health and mental health care. Also, this health advantage comes into question when analyzed by sub-groups. Insufficient evidence exists of the intersection of trauma exposure; individual characteristics; and mental health outcomes of depression, anxiety, and PTSD among recent Latinx immigrant adults. This K01 Award proposes a mixed methods design that incorporates latent class analysis methods to develop mental health phenotypes of recent Latinx immigrants based on the intersections of trauma, individual characteristics and mental health. This research will develop ethical approaches to studying trauma and mental health cross-sectionally and set the foundation for future prospective research of mental health phenotype evolution to inform intervention development and delivery. This research has three specific aims: (1) Develop initial mental health phenotypes in a sample of recent Latinx immigrant adults using latent class analysis methods and examine their demographic and trauma exposure correlates (trauma exposure, sex, age, gender, marital status, education, country of origin and ethnicity); (2) Provide an in-depth understanding of participant experiences of trauma exposure and mental health to illuminate findings in SA1 using qualitative methods; and (3) Validate the phenotypes and any additional constructs that emerge from qualitative data with a second survey sample of 313 recent Latinx immigrant adults at the U.S./Mexico border. My career development plan includes three Training Goals: (1) Develop comprehensive expertise in structural equation modeling and latent class analysis methods as well as growth curve modeling and latent transition analysis; (2) Gain extensive expertise in qualitative and mixed methods research at the intersection trauma exposure, individual characteristics, and mental health of Latinx immigrants with an emphasis on space and time.; (3) Develop expertise in ethical conduct of human research with a public health impact, that includes understanding gender differences in trauma exposure, as well as recruitment and prospective retention of vulnerable populations; and (4) Develop broad expertise in dissemination and translation of research with immigrant populations for policy and practitioner audiences. This K01 Award will support my long-term career goal of becoming an independent investigator conducting ethical longitudinal and intervention research on the mental health of recent Latinx immigrants in the U.S. The research plan will produce data for a multi-site R01 prospective study on the trajectories of trauma exposure and mental health of Latinx immigrants to the U.S.