Global Environmental and Occupational Health Research and Training for Eastern Africa

东非全球环境和职业健康研究与培训

• 批准号: 10634655
• 负责人: Kiros T Berhane
• 金额: $ 29.81万
• 依托单位: ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-28 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10634655
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Africa; African; Air Pollution; Awareness; Blood Pressure; Capital; Cessation of life; Child; Child Health; Chronic Kidney Failure; Cities; Collaborations; Collection; Country; Data; Data Collection; Eastern Africa; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Illness; Environmental Monitoring; Environmental Policy; Epidemiology; Ethiopia; Exposure to; Face; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Health; Heat Stress Disorders; Hospital Mortality; Household; Income; Inequity; Infrastructure; Injury; Institution; Investments; Kenya; Link; Measures; Mentors; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Needs Assessment; Neurocognitive; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Health; Pilot Projects; Policies; Population Characteristics; Productivity; Psychometrics; Public Health; Records; Renal function; Reproductive Health; Request for Applications; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resolution; Respiratory Signs and Symptoms; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling Studies; Series; Shapes; Site; Source; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translations; Uganda; Universities; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; Workplace; adverse outcome; air monitoring; air pollution control; ambient air pollution; burden of illness; climate change; cognitive development; cohort; development policy; disorder risk; epidemiology study; evidence base; extreme heat; fine particles; global environment; interest; low and middle-income countries; low income country; lung development; mortality; premature; programs; pulmonary function; respiratory health; response; spatiotemporal; success

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This application requests renewal of an interdisciplinary mentored research program that will be supported by the linked U2R application (2/2: GEOHealth Hub for Research and Training in Eastern Africa – Ethiopia). Building on successes and lessons from the current program, the linked training and research programs of the Hub will advance research and the translation of locally-relevant findings into action around pressing public health issues related to air pollution exposure and health effects, and occupational exposure to extreme heat. The research and training program will be implemented in collaboration with Addis Ababa University (AAU) in Ethiopia, the Hub institution for the linked application. Spoke institutions are in Kenya (University of Nairobi) and Uganda (Makerere University). The research approach is structured around five aims. In Aim 1, the Hub will continue three activities that were successfully established during the first funding cycle, but that would be significantly enhanced by longitudinal data collection. Specifically, we propose to continue central site monitoring of air quality (fine particulate matter, or PM2.5) using infrastructure established in Cycle 1 in each city; to continue collecting hospital mortality and morbidity records in each city to enable time series studies linking air pollution and health; and to re-evaluate the respiratory health of the children included in the first cycle (the Eastern Africa Children’s Health Study – EACH) to examine the effect of PM2.5 on lung development trajectories. In Aim 2 we will measure personal air pollution exposure in 300 mother-child dyads in each city, supporting modeling of personal exposure in our entire child cohort and to establish a foundation for modeling personal exposure in our entire child cohort and for additional epidemiological studies of air pollution. Aim 3 will carry out a cross-sectional assessment of mothers of a subset of children in the EACH study to examine the effects of air pollution exposure on the respiratory and reproductive health of the woman/child dyad. In Aim 4, we seek to build on the enhanced capabilities and independence of the Hub investigators developed in Cycle 1 to conduct studies designed by each country based on local interest and relevance. In Ethiopia, we will implement a full version of a Cycle 1 pilot study of renal function and chronic kidney disease risk resulting from occupational heat stress. In Uganda we will assess ambulatory blood pressure in the subsample of EACH study children with personal exposure data. In Kenya, we will assess neurocognitive function in EACH study children using both test scores (full cohort) and psychometrics (personal exposure subsample). Aim 5 is to continue impacting policy and regulatory decisions via dissemination of study findings to central stakeholders at the local, national and regional level. This proposal brings together a transdisciplinary team of experts in environmental monitoring, epidemiology, and environmental policy; builds on the partners’ well-established research collaborations; and, promises to generate the evidence needed to support healthier environments and workplaces throughout Eastern Africa and beyond.

项目摘要/摘要 此申请要求续订跨学科指导研究计划，该计划将由 相关的U2R应用程序(2/2：东非地球健康研究和培训中心--埃塞俄比亚)。建房 关于当前方案的成功和教训，中心的相关培训和研究方案将 围绕紧迫的公共卫生问题推进研究，并将与当地有关的研究成果转化为行动 与空气污染暴露和健康影响有关，以及职业暴露在极端高温下。这项研究 和培训计划将与埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴大学(AAU)合作实施 链接应用程序的中心机构。演讲机构设在肯尼亚(内罗毕大学)和乌干达 (Makerere大学)。研究方法围绕五个目标构建。在目标1中，中心将继续 在第一个供资周期内成功建立的三项活动，但这将是重要的 通过纵向数据收集而得到加强。具体地说，我们建议继续在中央现场监测空气质素。 (细颗粒物，或PM2.5)使用每个城市在周期1中建立的基础设施；继续收集 每个城市的住院死亡率和发病率记录，以便能够进行时间序列研究，将空气污染与健康联系起来； 并重新评估第一个周期内儿童的呼吸健康状况(东非儿童基金会 健康研究-每个)，以检查PM2.5对肺发育轨迹的影响。在目标2中，我们将测量 每个城市300名母婴的个人空气污染暴露，支持个人暴露的建模 在我们的整个儿童队列中，并为在我们的整个儿童队列中建模个人暴露奠定基础 并对空气污染进行额外的流行病学研究。目标3将开展一项横断面评估 每项研究中都有一部分孩子的母亲，以检查空气污染暴露对孩子们的影响 妇女/儿童的呼吸和生殖健康。在目标4中，我们寻求在增强的 在周期1中开发的中心调查员的能力和独立性，以执行由 每个国家都基于当地的利益和相关性。在埃塞俄比亚，我们将实施第一周期试点的完整版。 职业热应激所致肾功能与慢性肾脏病危险性的研究在乌干达，我们 将使用个人暴露数据评估每个研究儿童的子样本中的动态血压。 在肯尼亚，我们将使用测试分数(全队列)和 心理测量学(个人暴露分样本)。目标5是继续影响政策和监管决策 通过向地方、国家和区域各级的中央利益攸关方传播研究结果。这项建议 汇聚了环境监测、流行病学和环境领域的跨学科专家团队 政策；建立在合作伙伴良好的研究合作基础上；并承诺产生证据 需要支持整个东非和其他地区更健康的环境和工作场所。