Global Environmental and Occupational Health Research and Training for Eastern Africa

东非全球环境和职业健康研究与培训

• 批准号: 10634655
• 负责人: Kiros T Berhane
• 金额: $ 29.81万
• 依托单位: ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-28 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10634655
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Africa; African; Air Pollution; Awareness; Blood Pressure; Capital; Cessation of life; Child; Child Health; Chronic Kidney Failure; Cities; Collaborations; Collection; Country; Data; Data Collection; Eastern Africa; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Illness; Environmental Monitoring; Environmental Policy; Epidemiology; Ethiopia; Exposure to; Face; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Health; Heat Stress Disorders; Hospital Mortality; Household; Income; Inequity; Infrastructure; Injury; Institution; Investments; Kenya; Link; Measures; Mentors; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Needs Assessment; Neurocognitive; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Health; Pilot Projects; Policies; Population Characteristics; Productivity; Psychometrics; Public Health; Records; Renal function; Reproductive Health; Request for Applications; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resolution; Respiratory Signs and Symptoms; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling Studies; Series; Shapes; Site; Source; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translations; Uganda; Universities; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; Workplace; adverse outcome; air monitoring; air pollution control; ambient air pollution; burden of illness; climate change; cognitive development; cohort; development policy; disorder risk; epidemiology study; evidence base; extreme heat; fine particles; global environment; interest; low and middle-income countries; low income country; lung development; mortality; premature; programs; pulmonary function; respiratory health; response; spatiotemporal; success

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This application requests renewal of an interdisciplinary mentored research program that will be supported by the linked U2R application (2/2: GEOHealth Hub for Research and Training in Eastern Africa – Ethiopia). Building on successes and lessons from the current program, the linked training and research programs of the Hub will advance research and the translation of locally-relevant findings into action around pressing public health issues related to air pollution exposure and health effects, and occupational exposure to extreme heat. The research and training program will be implemented in collaboration with Addis Ababa University (AAU) in Ethiopia, the Hub institution for the linked application. Spoke institutions are in Kenya (University of Nairobi) and Uganda (Makerere University). The research approach is structured around five aims. In Aim 1, the Hub will continue three activities that were successfully established during the first funding cycle, but that would be significantly enhanced by longitudinal data collection. Specifically, we propose to continue central site monitoring of air quality (fine particulate matter, or PM2.5) using infrastructure established in Cycle 1 in each city; to continue collecting hospital mortality and morbidity records in each city to enable time series studies linking air pollution and health; and to re-evaluate the respiratory health of the children included in the first cycle (the Eastern Africa Children’s Health Study – EACH) to examine the effect of PM2.5 on lung development trajectories. In Aim 2 we will measure personal air pollution exposure in 300 mother-child dyads in each city, supporting modeling of personal exposure in our entire child cohort and to establish a foundation for modeling personal exposure in our entire child cohort and for additional epidemiological studies of air pollution. Aim 3 will carry out a cross-sectional assessment of mothers of a subset of children in the EACH study to examine the effects of air pollution exposure on the respiratory and reproductive health of the woman/child dyad. In Aim 4, we seek to build on the enhanced capabilities and independence of the Hub investigators developed in Cycle 1 to conduct studies designed by each country based on local interest and relevance. In Ethiopia, we will implement a full version of a Cycle 1 pilot study of renal function and chronic kidney disease risk resulting from occupational heat stress. In Uganda we will assess ambulatory blood pressure in the subsample of EACH study children with personal exposure data. In Kenya, we will assess neurocognitive function in EACH study children using both test scores (full cohort) and psychometrics (personal exposure subsample). Aim 5 is to continue impacting policy and regulatory decisions via dissemination of study findings to central stakeholders at the local, national and regional level. This proposal brings together a transdisciplinary team of experts in environmental monitoring, epidemiology, and environmental policy; builds on the partners’ well-established research collaborations; and, promises to generate the evidence needed to support healthier environments and workplaces throughout Eastern Africa and beyond.

项目总结/摘要 此应用程序要求更新跨学科的指导研究计划，将由 链接的U2 R应用程序（2/2：东非研究和培训GEOHealth中心-埃塞俄比亚）。建筑 根据当前计划的成功和教训，该中心的相关培训和研究计划将 围绕紧迫的公共卫生问题，推进研究并将当地相关的研究结果转化为行动 与暴露于空气污染和健康影响有关，以及职业暴露于极热。研究 将与埃塞俄比亚的阿迪斯大学（AAU）合作实施培训计划， 链接应用程序的中心机构。分支机构在肯尼亚（内罗毕大学）和乌干达 （Makerere大学）。研究方法围绕五个目标展开。在目标1中，中心将继续 在第一个供资周期内成功开展的三项活动，但这将是重大的 通过纵向数据收集得到加强。具体来说，我们建议继续进行中央实地空气质素监察 (fine颗粒物，或PM2.5）使用在每个城市的第一周期建立的基础设施;继续收集 每个城市的医院死亡率和发病率记录，以便进行空气污染与健康之间的时间序列研究; 并重新评估第一周期所包括儿童的呼吸系统健康（东非儿童基金会）， 健康研究- EACH），以检查PM2.5对肺部发育轨迹的影响。在目标2中，我们将测量 每个城市300对母子的个人空气污染暴露，支持个人暴露建模 在我们的整个儿童群体中，并为我们整个儿童群体的个人暴露建模奠定基础 以及对空气污染进行更多的流行病学研究。目标3将对以下方面进行横向评估： 在EACH研究中，研究了空气污染暴露对儿童的影响， 妇女/儿童二元体的呼吸和生殖健康。在目标4中，我们力求加强 中心研究者在周期1中开发的能力和独立性，以开展由以下人员设计的研究： 每个国家都基于当地利益和相关性。在埃塞俄比亚，我们将实施第一周期试点的完整版本， 职业性热应激对肾功能及慢性肾脏病危险性研究在乌干达， 将评估具有个人暴露数据的每个研究儿童子样本的动态血压。 在肯尼亚，我们将使用测试分数（全队列）和 心理测量学（个人暴露子样本）。目标5是继续影响政策和监管决策 通过向地方、国家和区域各级的主要利益攸关方传播研究结果。这项建议 汇集了一个跨学科的专家团队，在环境监测，流行病学和环境， 政策;建立在合作伙伴良好的研究合作基础上;并承诺提供证据 需要支持整个东非及其他地区更健康的环境和工作场所。