Examining the Skeletal Effects of Psychostimulants

检查精神兴奋剂对骨骼的影响

• 批准号: 10653823
• 负责人: Chadi A. Calarge
• 金额: $ 64.26万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-20 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10653823
• 关键词: 11 year old; 16 year old; 17 year old; 19 year old; Accounting; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Aftercare; Age; Amphetamines; Antipsychotic Agents; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Bone Density; Bone Mineral Contents; Bone Resorption; Child; Chronic; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Control Groups; Data; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Distal; Dose; Drug Prescriptions; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Enrollment; Exclusion; Failure; Family; Female; Femur; Fracture; Funding; Growth; Height; Hip region structure; Impairment; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal, observational study; Mediating; Medical; Minerals; Monitor; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Neck; Observational Study; Osteoclasts; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Peripheral; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Polypharmacy; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Psychopathology; Puberty; Publishing; Race; Radial; Rattus; Resolution; Risk; Risperidone; Ritalin; Scanning; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor; Vertebral column; Vitamin D; X-Ray Computed Tomography; age group; bone; bone fragility; bone mass; bone quality; bone strength; boys; calcium intake; clinically significant; comparison group; cortical bone; critical developmental period; design; fracture risk; girls; male; medication safety; pre-clinical research; preference; prepuberty; prospective; psychostimulant; risk mitigation; secondary analysis; sex; skeletal; stimulant use; substantia spongiosa; tibia; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Psychostimulants used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the second most prescribed medication class for long-term use in children and adolescents. These medications have long been known to impede linear growth, however, recent preclinical research has shown that they also reduce appendicular bone mineral content (BMC) and bone quality in young rats. This is mediated by an increase in osteoclast differentiation and activity, promoting bone resorption. In children and adolescents, the use of psychostimulants has also been associated with clinically significant lower dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based BMC and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the lumbar spine (LS) and hip, in a dose- dependent manner. In addition, our group has found that boys chronically-treated with psychostimulants may have lower LS aBMD velocity Z-scores compared to those not taking psychostimulants. Given that bone mass accrued by young adulthood may determine fracture risk later in life, this application seeks to examine the skeletal effects of psychostimulants in children and adolescents and examine whether sex and pubertal development are significant moderators. Specifically, we propose to enroll otherwise medically healthy 7 to 16 year-olds within one month of starting psychostimulants and unmedicated. In this observational study, we will monitor skeletal outcomes over a one-year period, with repeated DXA and high- resolution pQCT (HRpQCT) scans, along with a thorough assessment of psychopathology and of factors known to affect bone mineral accrual. This design will allow us to prospectively asses the effects of psychostimulants on bone mass accrual and bone microarchitecture in children and adolescents (Aim 1). Given that peak bone accrual velocity in boys is nearly double that in girls and that that bone mass increases exponentially during puberty, we also seek to evaluate whether sex and stages of sexual maturity moderate this effect (Aim 2). Secondary analyses will examine the impact of these medications on additional DXA- and HRpQCT-based outcomes. This study will be the first to prospectively examine whether psychostimulants impair bone mineral accrual during purberty, increasing one's risk for low bone mass later in life. This information is key to designing appropriate interventions to mitigate this risk and to helping clinicians and families make informed decisions about treatment options most suitable for the patient's needs.

项目总结

项目成果

Machine Learning-Based Aggression Detection in Children with ADHD Using Sensor-Based Physical Activity Monitoring.

使用基于传感器的体育活动监测的ADHD儿童基于机器学习的攻击检测。

• DOI: 10.3390/s23104949
• 发表时间: 2023-05-21
• 期刊: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
• 作者: Park C;Rouzi MD;Atique MMU;Finco MG;Mishra RK;Barba-Villalobos G;Crossman E;Amushie C;Nguyen J;Calarge C;Najafi B
• 通讯作者: Najafi B