Neurocognitive Fingerprints of Substance Use and Misuse in Adolescents

青少年药物使用和滥用的神经认知指纹

• 批准号: 10698046
• 负责人: Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers
• 金额: $ 20.86万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10698046
• 关键词: 10 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affective; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Algorithms; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Cannabis; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Collection; Costs and Benefits; Data; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Drug usage; Emotional; Enrollment; Esthesia; Fingerprint; Foundations; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Light; Link; Maintenance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Nature; Needle Sharing; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neuropsychology; Pattern; Persons; Prevention; Process; Prospective Studies; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Substance Use Disorder; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Work; Youth; analytical method; behavior change; behavior prediction; binge drinking; cognitive control; cognitive development; eighth grade; financial incentive; individual variation; innovation; multidimensional data; multimodality; multiple data types; neurobiological mechanism; neurocognitive test; neuroimaging; response; substance misuse; substance use; tenth grade; young adult

ABSTRACT Rates of alcohol and drug use rise sharply throughout adolescence (ages 10-21), peak in young adulthood, and then decline. Approximately 10% of adolescents in the US report consuming alcohol in the past month1. By the eighth grade, approximately 20% of youth in the US have tried cannabis and 50% of youth have done so by the 10th grade1. The highest rates of heavy alcohol and illicit substance use occur during adolescent years2. This increase in substance use and misuse underscores the importance of understanding vulnerability for substance use-related behaviors during adolescence. Substantial research links neurocognitive processes, such as response inhibition, working memory, and cost-benefit decision-making, to behaviors related to the misuse of substances (e.g., binge drinking, sharing needles) and substance use disorders. Prospective studies suggest that individual differences in neurocognition related to cognitive control and affective sensitivity, in particular, contribute to the risk for substance use behavior in adolescence. However, this work has been limited in its ability to combine multiple datatypes, such as neuroimaging metrics and behavioral data, purportedly tapping an underlying latent feature (i.e., neurocognitive capacity) and extract `fingerprints' that are useful for individual prediction. This proposal plans to use data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study, which collects annual measures of neurocognition for approximately 12,000 youth, to implement an innovative multilevel methodological framework in order to (1) develop a Bayesian non-parametric dimensionality reduction algorithm toolkit that allows for the reduction of a multidimensional dataset (e.g., mean reaction times, brain connectivity measures across multiple tasks) into a much smaller collection of latent features and (2) use the extracted latent features to predict the onset, maintenance, and nature of substance use in developing adolescents. By precisely identifying and specifying the variation in underlying cognitive-affective, behavioral, and neurobiological mechanisms, this proposal offers an innovative empirical foundation for the development of prevention and treatment methods that address important clinical endpoints such as substance use-related problems. Moreover, this research provides a framework for promoting the initiation, personalization, and maintenance of behavior change by integrating work across theoretical and methodological domains.

抽象的 整个青春期（10-21 岁）的酒精和毒品使用率急剧上升，在年轻人中达到峰值 成年，然后衰落。大约 10% 的美国青少年表示过去曾饮酒 月1。到八年级时，大约 20% 的美国青少年尝试过大麻，50% 的青少年尝试过大麻 到十年级时已经这样做了1。重度酒精和非法物质使用率最高的时期发生在 青春期2.物质使用和滥用的增加凸显了理解的重要性 青春期期间药物使用相关行为的脆弱性。实质性研究链接 神经认知过程，例如反应抑制、工作记忆和成本效益决策， 与滥用物质（例如酗酒、共用针头）和物质使用相关的行为 失调。前瞻性研究表明，神经认知的个体差异与认知控制有关 尤其是情感敏感性，会增加青春期物质使用行为的风险。 然而，这项工作在组合多种数据类型（例如神经影像指标）的能力方面受到限制 和行为数据，据称是挖掘潜在的潜在特征（即神经认知能力）并提取 对个人预测有用的“指纹”。该提案计划使用青少年大脑的数据 认知发展℠ (ABCD) 研究，收集神经认知的年度测量值大约 12,000 名青年，实施创新的多层次方法框架，以便 (1) 制定 贝叶斯非参数降维算法工具包，可减少 多维数据集（例如，平均反应时间、跨多个任务的大脑连接测量）到 更小的潜在特征集合，并且（2）使用提取的潜在特征来预测发作， 发育中青少年物质使用的维持和性质。通过精确识别和指定 该提案提供了潜在的认知情感、行为和神经生物学机制的变化 为开发预防和治疗方法提供创新的经验基础，以解决 重要的临床终点，例如与物质使用相关的问题。此外，这项研究提供了 通过整合促进行为改变的启动、个性化和维持的框架 跨理论和方法论领域的工作。