Neurocognitive Fingerprints of Substance Use and Misuse in Adolescents

青少年药物使用和滥用的神经认知指纹

• 批准号: 10584683
• 负责人: Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers
• 金额: $ 25.3万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10584683
• 关键词: 10 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affective; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Algorithms; Back; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Cannabis; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Collection; Costs and Benefits; Data; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Drug usage; Emotional; Enrollment; Esthesia; Fingerprint; Foundations; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Light; Link; Maintenance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Nature; Needle Sharing; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neuropsychology; Pattern; Persons; Prevention; Process; Prospective Studies; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Substance Use Disorder; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Work; Youth; analytical method; base; behavior change; behavior prediction; binge drinking; cognitive control; cognitive development; eighth grade; financial incentive; individual variation; innovation; multidimensional data; multimodality; neurobiological mechanism; neurocognitive test; neuroimaging; response; substance misuse; substance use; young adult

ABSTRACT Rates of alcohol and drug use rise sharply throughout adolescence (ages 10-21), peak in young adulthood, and then decline. Approximately 10% of adolescents in the US report consuming alcohol in the past month1. By the eighth grade, approximately 20% of youth in the US have tried cannabis and 50% of youth have done so by the 10th grade1. The highest rates of heavy alcohol and illicit substance use occur during adolescent years2. This increase in substance use and misuse underscores the importance of understanding vulnerability for substance use-related behaviors during adolescence. Substantial research links neurocognitive processes, such as response inhibition, working memory, and cost-benefit decision-making, to behaviors related to the misuse of substances (e.g., binge drinking, sharing needles) and substance use disorders. Prospective studies suggest that individual differences in neurocognition related to cognitive control and affective sensitivity, in particular, contribute to the risk for substance use behavior in adolescence. However, this work has been limited in its ability to combine multiple datatypes, such as neuroimaging metrics and behavioral data, purportedly tapping an underlying latent feature (i.e., neurocognitive capacity) and extract `fingerprints' that are useful for individual prediction. This proposal plans to use data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study, which collects annual measures of neurocognition for approximately 12,000 youth, to implement an innovative multilevel methodological framework in order to (1) develop a Bayesian non-parametric dimensionality reduction algorithm toolkit that allows for the reduction of a multidimensional dataset (e.g., mean reaction times, brain connectivity measures across multiple tasks) into a much smaller collection of latent features and (2) use the extracted latent features to predict the onset, maintenance, and nature of substance use in developing adolescents. By precisely identifying and specifying the variation in underlying cognitive-affective, behavioral, and neurobiological mechanisms, this proposal offers an innovative empirical foundation for the development of prevention and treatment methods that address important clinical endpoints such as substance use-related problems. Moreover, this research provides a framework for promoting the initiation, personalization, and maintenance of behavior change by integrating work across theoretical and methodological domains.

抽象的 整个青少年（10-21岁）的酒精和吸毒率急剧上升，年轻人达到峰值 成年，然后下降。美国大约有10％的青少年报告过去饮酒了 月1月。到八年级，美国约有20％的青年尝试了大麻和50％的青年 在10年级1之前就这样做了。大量酒精和非法药物使用率最高 青春期2。这种使用物质的增加和遗漏了理解的重要性 青少年期间与物质使用相关行为的脆弱性。实质性的研究链接 神经认知过程，例如抑制，工作记忆和成本效益决策， 与错过物质有关的行为（例如，饮料，共享针）和使用物质 疾病。前瞻性研究表明，神经认知的个体差异与认知控制有关 尤其是情感敏感性，有助于青少年的药物使用行为的风险。 但是，这项工作的结合能力受到限制，例如神经影像学指标 和行为数据，据称攻击潜在的潜在特征（即神经认知能力）并提取 对个人预测有用的“指纹”。该建议计划使用青少年大脑的数据 认知发展℠（ABCD）研究，该研究收集了每年的神经认知度量 12,000名青年，以实施创新的多级方法学框架，以便开发一个 贝叶斯非参数降低算法工具包，该算法可以减少 多维数据集（例如，平均反应时间，多个任务的大脑连接度量） 较小的潜在功能集合，（2）使用提取的潜在特征来预测发作， 在发展青少年中的维护和物质使用的性质。通过精确识别和指定 该建议提供的潜在认知影响，行为和神经生物学机制的变化 用于开发预防和治疗方法的创新经验基础 重要的临床终点，例如与物质使用相关的问题。此外，这项研究提供了 通过整合来促进行为改变倡议，个性化和维护的框架 跨理论和方法论领域的工作。