SENSORS FOR WATER CONTAMINANT DETECTION AND MONITORING

摘要 超级基金所在地的地下水受到各种危险化学品的污染， 人为和自然来源。通过受污染的饮用水接触这些化学品的个人 可能会对健康产生不利影响。YSRTP将重点关注1，4-二氧六环（1，4-DX）及其共存 污染物：三氯乙烯（TCE）、1，1，1-三氯乙烷（TCA）和1，1-二氯乙烷（DCA）。保护 饮用水供应和人类健康，检测和监测这些问题的快速方法 污染物至关重要。本项目的总体目标是开发1，4-DX及其共污染物的传感器 通过无线网络进行实时监控。该项目包括四个具体目标：（1）发展和 表征用于1，4-DX检测和定量的生物传感器，（2）开发和表征化学 用于1，4-DX共存污染物（TCE、TCA和DCA）的传感器，（3）1，4-DX和共存污染物检测 通过便携式真空气相色谱法，以及（4）演示分布式无线传感器中的检测 污染物监测网。本研究的主要创新点包括：（一） 开发用于检测低的、健康相关浓度的1，4-DX的第一传感器， 进化选择过程，人工抗体亲和力成熟技术，和有机金属预- 结合分子;（ii）开发一种化学传感器，该传感器利用脂质的独特的基于溶解度的选择性， 和用于检测TCE、DCA和TCA作为1，4-DX污染的代表的嵌段共聚物双层囊泡; 以及（iii）演示1，4-DX传感器和适配的便携式真空气相色谱仪在 无线传感器网络（WSN），使动态污染和暴露事件的反应。项目 与整个YSRTP相结合。由无线传感器网络提供的污染物浓度的真实的实时数据 将与项目4相结合，以改进补救策略，衡量补救效果，并帮助 向生物医学项目（项目1、2）通报超级基金场址附近社区的接触情况， 并通过社区参与核心通知社区实时浓度， 饮用水源中的目标污染物。该项目还将与数据管理和 分析核心（DMAC），用于适当存储和分析所有污染物发生和浓度数据 根据上述项目的相互作用，并在无线传感器网络的援助，以满足规定的测量目标。

ABSTRACT Groundwater in Superfund sites is contaminated with a wide range of hazardous chemicals originating from anthropogenic and natural sources. Individuals exposed to these chemicals through contaminated drinking water can be subjected to adverse health effects. The YSRTP will focus on 1,4-dioxane (1,4-DX) and its co-occurring contaminants: trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), and 1,1-dichloroethane (DCA). To protect drinking water supplies and human health, rapid approaches for the detection and monitoring of these contaminants are crucial. The overall goal of this project is to develop sensors for 1,4-DX and its co-contaminants with real-time monitoring via a wireless network. The project includes four specific aims: (1) developing and characterizing biosensors for 1,4-DX detection and quantification, (2) developing and characterizing chemical sensors for 1,4-DX co-occurring contaminants (TCE, TCA, and DCA), (3) 1,4-DX and co-contaminant detection via portable vacuum gas chromatography, and (4) demonstrating detection in a distributed wireless sensor network for contaminant monitoring. The main innovative aspects of the research include the following: (i) developing the first sensor for detecting low, health relevant concentrations of 1,4-DX, by employing an evolutionary selection process, an artificially antibody affinity maturation technique, and organometallic pre- binding molecules; (ii) developing a chemical sensor that exploits the unique solubility-based selectivity of lipid and block-copolymer bilayer vesicles for detecting TCE, DCA, and TCA as a proxy for 1,4-DX contamination; and (iii) demonstrating the use of 1,4-DX sensors and adapted portable vacuum gas chromatographers in a wireless sensor network (WSN) to enable responses to dynamic contamination and exposure events. The project is well integrated with the overall YSRTP. The real time data of contaminant concentrations provided by the WSN will be integrated Project 4 to improve remediation strategies and measure remediation effectiveness and help inform the biomedical projects (Projects 1,2) on exposures for communities in the vicinity of the Superfund sites, and inform the community—through the Community Engagement Core—on real-time concentrations of the target contaminants in drinking water sources. The project will also be engaged with the Data Management & Analysis Core (DMAC) to appropriately store and analyze all contaminant occurrence and concentration data pursuant to the above project interactions and for assistance in the WSN to meet the stated measurement goals.