Beneficial or Fostering Future struggles (B.F.F.s)? Characterizing the Role of Friends in the Developmental Trajectory of Maltreated Adolescent

项目总结/摘要 尽管有大量证据表明友谊在青少年发展中起着不可或缺的作用，但我们知道， 相对较少的关于受虐待青少年的友谊，这是一个风险显著升高的群体， 未来的不良后果。现有的文献中关于友谊对 受虐待的青年的发展是高度矛盾的，并受到调查的限制，而调查并没有充分说明 复杂的友谊经历。因此，迫切需要研究受虐待的青少年如何在他们的家庭中生活。 友谊可能会减轻或加剧他们在负面发展轨迹上前进的风险。 这个项目的总体目标是调查如何虐待和虐待的友谊经验， 未受虐待的青少年不同，并了解这些经历如何影响不良反应的风险。 成果。有三个具体目标。在K99阶段，该提案将（1）使用来自两个 前瞻性纵向研究，以确定如何虐待和非虐待青少年的友谊不同， 和（2）使用来自两项研究的数据和目标1的结果来测试多项研究的潜在中介效应。 友谊经验对虐待和精神病理学/同伴受害之间的关系。目的 3将在R 00阶段完成，并使用临床试验方法学来试点评估程序 虐待青少年的友谊使用观察和多报告者的方法，并调查他们如何 影响对实验室压力源的心理生理反应和后来的心理病理学/同伴受害。 这个项目是创新的，因为它代表了对现有研究的实质性改进， 考虑到一系列友谊经历对受虐待者适应结果的影响， 青少年使用纵向数据和多报告者和观察方法。这一贡献将是 重要的是，它将有助于界定友谊是否能提供同样的健康和社会效益 我们的一些最脆弱的青少年的风险和/或风险，因为它们提供了规范/低风险人群。 该提案将极大地促进PI的职业发展，并使她能够朝着自己的方向前进 长期目标是成为研究机构的独立调查员。宾夕法尼亚州立大学 医学为培训提供了最佳环境，为职业发展提供了丰富的资源， 几个跨学科的教师谁研究虐待儿童，并积极参与辅导下一个 一代虐待研究者。将提供培训和指导， 研究友谊;获得纵向数据收集和分析的技能;学习新的多记者，多 水平和观察技术;并获得临床试验经验。此外，PI将参与 培训活动，促进她的过渡到独立，包括赠款写作，出版，介绍， 为学术就业市场做准备。这些技能和活动，结合拟议的研究，将 准备PI竞争未来的R 01资金。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Despite extensive evidence that friendships play an integral role in adolescent development, we know relatively little about the friendships of maltreated adolescents, a group that is at significantly elevated risk for experiencing future adverse outcomes. The existing literature regarding the influence of friendships on maltreated youth’s development is highly conflicting and limited by investigations that do not account for the full complexity of friendship experiences. Thus, there is a critical need to study how maltreated adolescents’ friendships might mitigate or exacerbate their risk for proceeding on negative developmental trajectories. The overall objective of this project is to investigate how the friendship experiences of maltreated and non-maltreated adolescents differ, and understand how these experiences influence risk for adverse outcomes. There are three specific aims. During the K99 phase, this proposal will (1) use data from two prospective longitudinal studies to identify how maltreated and non-maltreated adolescents’ friendships differ, and (2) use data from both studies and results from Aim 1 to test for the potential mediating effects of multiple friendship experiences on the relationship between maltreatment and psychopathology/peer victimization. Aim 3 will be completed during the R00 phase and use clinical trial methodology to pilot a procedure to assess maltreated adolescents’ friendships using observational and multi-reporter methods, and investigate how they influence psychophysiological reactivity to a laboratory stressor and later psychopathology/peer victimization. This project is innovative because it represents a substantive improvement upon existing research by considering the influence of a range of friendship experiences on the adjustment outcomes of maltreated adolescents using longitudinal data and multi-reporter and observational methodology. This contribution will be significant because it will help to delineate whether friendship can offer the same health and social benefits and/or risks for some of our most vulnerable adolescents, as they provide for normative/low-risk populations. This proposal will greatly enhance the PI’s career development and enable her to advance toward her long-term goal of becoming an independent investigator at a research institution. Penn State College of Medicine provides an optimal environment for training with a wealth of resources for career development and several interdisciplinary faculty who study child maltreatment and are actively engaged in mentoring the next generation of maltreatment researchers. Training and mentorship will be provided to develop expertise in the study of friendships; acquire skills in longitudinal data collection and analysis; learn new multi-reporter, multi- level, and observational techniques; and gain clinical trial experience. Furthermore, the PI will be engaged in training activities that foster her transition to independence, including grant writing, publishing, presenting, and preparing for the academic job market. These skills and activities, combined with the proposed research, will prepare the PI to compete for future R01 funding.