Training Program Plan to Improve Intervention Research for Prevention of Childhood Pneumonia in Guatemala

危地马拉改进预防儿童肺炎干预研究的培训计划

• 批准号: 10684117
• 负责人: CELIA CORDON-ROSALES
• 金额: $ 9.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF THE VALLEY OF GUATEMALA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10684117
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Area; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Child; Childhood; Collaborations; Communicable Diseases; Development; Educational Curriculum; Environmental Health; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Etiology; Faculty; Foundations; Future; Goals; Grant; Guatemala; Guatemalan; Health; Health Professional; Health care facility; Household Air Pollution; Incidence; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Interdisciplinary Study; International; Intervention Studies; Leadership; Lower Respiratory Tract Infection; Measurement; Methodology; Molecular Epidemiology; Needs Assessment; Pneumonia; Policies; Prevention; Prevention Research; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Respiratory Disease; Risk Factors; Scientist; Strategic Planning; Surveillance Program; Teacher Professional Development; Training; Training Activity; Training Programs; Universities; aged; career; disorder prevention; early childhood; implementation science; improved; low and middle-income countries; member; mortality; programs; respiratory; success

Lower respiratory infections, primarily pneumonia, are a leading cause of early childhood mortality globally, responsible for about 750 thousand deaths annually in children aged <5 years. Although most regions have seen declines in mortality over the past several decades, childhood pneumonia mortality rates remain high in low- and middle-income countries, including Guatemala. The reasons for this variability in childhood pneumonia are not fully understood and limit the development of effective policies for disease prevention. Members of our team have been studying childhood pneumonia in Guatemala for over a decade, building a strong, though incomplete, foundation for a formal training program in this area. A collaboration with the US CDC and the Guatemalan Ministry of Health has developed a surveillance program to provide systematic measurement of incidence, risk factors and etiologies of respiratory and other acute infectious diseases at public health facilities in Guatemala. Furthermore, several large international intervention studies have evaluated ways to reduce household air pollution and its effects on childhood respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia. This interdisciplinary research combines expertise from implementation science, environmental health, molecular epidemiology, and childhood respiratory disease. Despite the success of these programs, Guatemala has not yet developed the capacity to to sufficiently train scientists and public health professionals to contribute fully to this research agenda. These current research projects at UVG and future research priorities on childhood pneumonia prevention in Guatemala create demand for local epidemiologists prepared to lead the research. Our long-term vision is to develop a sustainable training program that provides expertise both on subjet matter of childhood pneumonia in Guatemala and methodological on intervention research. This future program will help build capacity through both degree and non-degree training activities based in Guatemala and the University of Georgia. The goal for this planning grant is to prepare and submit a proposal for the envisioned training program, prepare the UVG and UGA faculty trainers to conduct the program, and improve or develop materials for the proposed curriculum. For the two-year planning process, our specific aims are: 1. Define a leadership team and develop a strategic plan for building research capacity in childhood infectious disease epidemiology; 2. address the critical faculty development needs among potential Guatemala- and US-based trainers that relate to intervention research and the epidemiology of childhood pneumonia; 3. identify and assess the needs of a pool of potential trainees from Guatemala that have career goals related to research on prevention of childhood pneumonia or similar health issues; and 4. outline a training program and develop new courses and programs to include in D43. By undertaking a rigorous approach to collaboratively planning a Guatemala- and US-based training program in intervention research with a focus on childhood pneumonia, we will build the capacity required to strengthen prevention of the leading infectious cause of death in Guatemalan children.

下呼吸道感染，主要是肺炎，是全球幼儿死亡的主要原因， 造成每年约75万名5岁以下儿童死亡。虽然大多数地区都看到了 尽管过去几十年来死亡率有所下降，但在低收入国家和地区，儿童肺炎死亡率仍然很高， 包括危地马拉在内的中等收入国家。儿童肺炎的这种变异性的原因不是 充分理解和限制制定有效的疾病预防政策。我们团队的成员 十多年来一直在研究危地马拉的儿童肺炎，建立了一个强大的，尽管不完整， 为这一领域的正式培训奠定基础。与美国疾病预防控制中心和危地马拉的合作 卫生部制定了一项监测计划，以系统地衡量发病率、风险和 在危地马拉公共卫生设施中对呼吸道疾病和其他急性传染病的致病因素和病因进行调查。 此外，几项大型国际干预研究评估了减少家庭空气污染的方法。 污染及其对儿童呼吸道疾病，包括肺炎的影响。这种跨学科的研究 结合了实施科学、环境健康、分子流行病学和儿童的专业知识， 呼吸道疾病尽管这些方案取得了成功，但危地马拉尚未发展出能力， 对科学家和公共卫生专业人员进行充分培训，使他们能够为这一研究议程作出充分贡献。这些 UVG目前的研究项目和危地马拉儿童肺炎预防的未来研究重点 为准备领导研究的当地流行病学家创造需求。 我们的长期愿景是开发一个可持续的培训计划，提供专业知识， 危地马拉儿童肺炎和干预研究方法。未来的计划将 通过在危地马拉和大学开展的学位和非学位培训活动，帮助建设能力 来自格鲁吉亚。这项规划补助金的目标是为设想的培训准备和提交一份提案 计划，准备UVG和UGA教师培训师进行计划，并改善或开发材料 对于拟议的课程。在两年规划过程中，我们的具体目标是：1。定义领导力 组建并制定一项战略计划，以建设儿童传染病流行病学研究能力; 2.解决潜在的危地马拉和美国培训师的关键教师发展需求， 儿童肺炎的干预研究和流行病学; 3.确定和评估一个 来自危地马拉的潜在受训人员，其职业目标与预防儿童期研究有关 肺炎或类似的健康问题;以及4.概述培训计划并开发新的课程和计划 包括在D43中。通过采取严格的方法，合作规划一个以危地马拉和美国为基地的 通过一项以儿童肺炎为重点的干预研究培训计划，我们将建立所需的能力， 加强预防危地马拉儿童死亡的主要传染病原因。