Surveillance and research for the innovation and sustainability of public health actions

摘要 危地马拉山谷大学健康研究中心(CHS/UVG)准备了这份提案 这包括两个项目类别的研究：A，监测；B，风险因素研究，负担或 变速箱。共提出8个子项目，其中5个子项目和3个子项目分别处于监督和研究阶段 类别。这些次级项目应对与地方和全球相关的传染病：疟疾，被忽视 病媒传播、人畜共患病、孕产妇和儿童以及紧急疾病和卫生事件。这个 在监测类别下提议的五个次级项目解决来自不同国家的地方监测需求 观点：已实现传播的媒介传播疾病的低传播设置 中断或正在努力实现这一目标，如盘尾丝虫病和恰加斯病；人畜共患病和其他 影响偏远地区农村人口的人-动物界面被忽视的疾病，如甲型流感， 布鲁氏菌病和利什曼病；需要早期治疗以避免严重后果的先天性疾病 婴儿，作为从查加斯等疾病向寨卡病毒等其他紧急疾病潜在扩展的地区；严重急性 引起相当大比例发病率和死亡率的感染，如呼吸道感染、发烧 和肠道疾病；以及更广泛的一般健康事件的早期检测，作为潜在的早期预警 疫情爆发。对于研究子项目，我们确定了3个我们具有优势的研究问题 开展研究以填补知识空白：钩端螺旋体病及其与慢性肾脏疾病的关系； 开发用于综合病媒控制管理和病原学特异性鉴定的新工具 儿童时期呼吸道和肠道疾病的可归因组分。 我们预计，这些成果将有助于公共卫生的两个主要领域(A)，以加强对 先天性恰加斯病、盘尾丝虫病、急性呼吸道、肠道和发热感染，优先人畜共患病 促进地方和全球预防和控制举措的疾病和卫生事件；以及(B) 确定新的和改进的干预措施以进行测试，以控制和预防慢性钩端螺旋体病 这些疾病包括肾脏疾病、病媒综合管理以及呼吸道和肠道传染病。虽然我们 此建议建立在之前与美国疾病控制与预防中心和国家卫生部(MOH)的合作基础上 在全球疾病检测(GDD)的近20年中，我们将致力于克服形式上的限制 我们过去的工作包括三个贯穿各领域的办法：数据和资源共享、能力加强 在当地公共卫生机构内，并将成果转化为行动。

SUMMARY The Center for Health Studies at Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (CHS/UVG) has prepared this proposal that includes studies in two project categories: A, surveillance; and B, research of risk factors, burden or transmission. A total of 8 sub-projects are proposed, 5 and 3 respectively under the surveillance and research categories. These subprojects respond to infectious diseases with local and global relevance: malaria, neglected vector-borne, zoonotic, and maternal and childhood, and emergent diseases and heath events, respectively. The five subprojects proposed under the surveillance category address surveillance needs locally from different perspectives: low transmission settings for vector transmitted diseases that have achieved transmission interruption or are working toward this goal, like onchocerciasis and Chagas Disease; zoonotic and other neglected diseases at the human-animal interface affecting rural populations in remote areas, like influenza A, brucellosis and leishmaniosis; congenital diseases that require an early treatment to avert severe outcomes in infants, as an area of potential expansion from diseases like Chagas to other emergent like Zika, ; severe acute infections that are responsible for a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality, such as respiratory, febrile and enteric diseases; and broader early detection of general health events as an early warning for potential outbreaks. For the research subprojects, we have identified 3 research problems in which we have an advantage to implement studies to fill knowledge gaps: leptospirosis and its association with chronic kidney disease; development of novel tools for integrated vector control management, and identification of etiology specific attributable fractions of respiratory and enteric diseases in childhood. We expect that results will contribute in two major areas of public health (A) to strengthen surveillance for congenital Chagas diseases, onchocerciasis, acute respiratory, enteric, and febrile infections, priority zoonotic diseases, and health events contributing to the local and global prevention and control initiatives, and (B) to identify novel and improved interventions to be tested for the control and prevention of leptospirosis, chronic kidney disease, integrated vector management, and respiratory and enteric infectious diseases. Although we build this proposal on previous collaborative work with US CDC and the National Ministry of Health (MOH) for over almost 20 years within the Global Disease Detection (GDD), we will aim to overcome limitations form our past work by including three cross cutting approaches: data and resource sharing, capacity strengthening within the local public health institutions, and transfer of results into actions.