Understanding the role of dysregulation in positive affect in developmental psychopathology.

项目摘要 情绪失调是跨诊断的，是大多数情感性和破坏性行为障碍的组成部分， 与从健康到学术的各个领域的功能受损有关。对神经元功能失调的研究 负面影响或易怒，使人们更好地理解它如何预测以后的损害， 一般精神病理学并已确定神经关联。然而，人们较少关注 积极影响的失调，尽管最近的证据表明它有助于发展， 精神病理学，特别是外在症状，以及从一般到社会的各个领域的损伤 功能失调的积极情绪不仅可能带来独立的风险，而且可能有单独的风险。 潜在的神经相关，积极和消极的情绪效价系统是不同的领域， 研究领域标准。而激越，高积极影响的气质测量，一直是 与婴幼儿的攻击性和外化症状增加有关，这与 积极情感或兴奋性的临床失调尚不清楚。此外， 和兴奋性与精神病理学和损伤在很大程度上还没有在幼儿中研究过。这 建议通过研究以下方面的重叠和可分离的贡献来解决这些理解上的差距： 兴奋性（临床相关的失调的积极影响），和 对精神病理学症状的易激惹（临床相关失调的负面情绪）和 学龄儿童。此外，这项建议将评估大脑行为的重叠和区别， 积极情绪和消极情绪失调之间的关系。具体来说，100名7-10岁儿童 丰富的情绪失调将使用研究诊断访谈和父母和自我评估， 报告基线和一年后的情绪和一般功能测量。在基线时，儿童将 在情绪反应和调节任务中接受功能性MRI扫描。符合NIMH战略 计划，特别是战略目标2，“绘制精神疾病轨迹，以确定何时、何地和如何 干预，”理解冲动、兴奋和易怒对风险轨迹的可分离贡献 阐明这些神经相关性可以为早期识别提供有意义的目标， 干预多种疾病。在情绪调节专家的多元化团队的指导下， 发展，发展心理学和精神病理学，纵向和统计方法， 通过本提案提供的培训将有助于申请人获得功能磁共振成像方法的专业知识， 情感处理，发展精神病理学的维度结构，纵向设计， 分析.本培训将提供申请人的长期目标的基础组成部分， 了解情绪失调的神经和行为发展，特别是兴奋性， 早期识别和干预，以改善严重损害前的情绪调节。

PROJECT SUMMARY Emotion dysregulation is transdiagnostic, integral to most affective and disruptive behavior disorders, and is associated with impaired functioning across domains from health to academics. The study of dysregulation of negative affect, or irritability, has resulted in a better understanding of how it predicts later impairment and general psychopathology and has identified neural correlates. However, there has been less focus on dysregulation of positive affect, despite recent evidence suggesting it contributes to the development of psychopathology, particularly externalizing symptoms, and impairment across domains from general to social functioning. Dysregulated positive affect may not only confer independent risk, but is likely to have separate underlying neural correlates, as positive and negative emotional valence systems are different domains in the Research Domains Criteria. While surgency, the temperamental measure of high positive affect, has been related to increased aggression and externalizing symptoms in infants and young children, how this relates to clinical dysregulation of positive affect, or excitability, is unknown. Moreover, the relationships between surgency and excitability with psychopathology and impairment have been largely unstudied in young children. This proposal addresses these gaps in understanding by studying the overlapping and separable contributions of surgency (normative high positive affect), excitability (clinically related dysregulated positive affect), and irritability (clinically related dysregulated negative affect) to symptoms of psychopathology and impairment in school age children. Additionally, this proposal will assess the overlap and distinctions in brain-behavior relationships between dysregulation in positive and negative affect. Specifically, 100 7-10-year-old children enriched for emotion dysregulation will be assessed using a research diagnostic interview and parent and self- report measures of emotional and general functioning at baseline and after one year. At baseline, children will undergo functional MRI scans during emotion response and regulation tasks. Consistent with the NIMH Strategic plan, particularly Strategy Objective 2, to “chart mental illness trajectories to determine when, where, and how to intervene,” understanding the separable contributions of surgency, excitability, and irritability to risk trajectories and elucidating the neural correlates of such can provide meaningful targets for early identification and intervention in multiple disorders. Under the mentorship of a diverse team of experts in emotion regulation and development, developmental psychology and psychopathology, and longitudinal and statistical methodology, the training provided through this proposal will facilitate the applicant gaining expertise in fMRI methods for studying affective processing, dimensional constructs in developmental psychopathology, and longitudinal design and analysis. This training will provide the foundational components of the applicant's long-term goals of understanding the neural and behavioral development of emotion dysregulation, specifically excitability, to inform early identification and interventions for improving emotion regulation prior to significant impairment.