Brain States and Flexible Behavior

大脑状态和灵活行为

• 批准号: 10700739
• 负责人: David McCormick
• 金额: $ 74.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10700739
• 关键词: Brain; States; Flexible; Behavior

Abstract To survive in dynamic environments, the nervous system must be able to generate flexible behavior — seamlessly weaving together past experience with the present context to achieve future goals. Our team of experts on the neural circuits of behavior will collaborate to reveal the neural mechanisms by which a mouse engages in specific processing of one sensory modality versus another based on task demands. We hypothesize that these types of context-dependent behaviors operate through a flexible coupling and decoupling of neural networks mediated by changes in neural dynamics based on gain modulation, similar to mechanisms that are engaged in brain state regulation. During the waking state, arousal, attention, and task engagement constantly vary and are associated with ongoing and large changes in the activity of neuromodulatory (e.g., norepinephrine and acetylcholine) systems as well as intracortical feedback pathways whose role is to specifically modulate neural network interactions. Through identifiable and precise mechanisms, these pathways control the patterns of activity generated by the neocortex, flexibly increasing or decreasing the information flow between specific neuronal networks. By defining these precise mechanisms through a series of cutting-edge experiments, analysis and modelling, we will shed light onto how the nervous system generates context-dependent behavior. By understanding how the cortex flexibly reconfigures its functional interactions to produce contextually-appropriate behavior, and how arousal and engagement modulate this flexibility, we will provide insight into a broad range of human disorders, from those of attention and perception, to social interactions.

抽象的 为了在动态环境中生存，神经系统必须能够产生灵活的行为 - 无缝将过去的经验与当前环境共同编织，以实现未来的目标。我们的团队 行为神经元电路专家的合作将揭示神经元机制 鼠标根据任务要求进行特定的感觉方式与另一种感觉的处理。我们 假设这些类型的与上下文相关的行为通过灵活的耦合和 基于增益调制的神经元动力学变化介导的神经元网络的脱钩， 类似于参与大脑状态调节的机制。在醒来的状态下，唤醒， 注意和任务参与不断变化，并与正在进行的持续变化有关 神经调节性（例如去甲肾上腺素和乙酰胆碱）系统以及心脏内的活性 反馈途径的作用是特别调节神经网络相互作用。通过 这些途径可识别和精确的机制，控制着由 新皮层，灵活地增加或减少特定神经元网络之间的信息流。经过 通过一系列尖端实验，分析和建模来定义这些精确的机制， 我们将阐明神经系统如何产生上下文依赖性行为。通过理解 皮层如何灵活地重新配置其功能相互作用以产生适合上下文 行为以及唤醒和参与如何调节这种灵活性，我们将为广泛的洞察力提供洞察力 从关注和感知的人类疾病到社会互动的范围。