Environmental Exposure and Cardiometabolic Disease

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PROJECT SUMMARY (Overall) This proposal is to continue to grow and expand the University of Louisville Superfund Center established in 2017. Currently, the Center supports research on the cardiometabolic effects of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) that are of high relevance to the Superfund Program. Center investigators conduct mode-of-action research to unravel critical pathways of toxicity and to identify toxicological end-points (cardiometabolic changes) of chemicals (VOCs) found at Superfund and related sites. Using high throughput mass spectrometry and an innovative suite of mechanism-based biomarkers, animal experiments and human population studies, Center investigations have contributed to the discovery and validation of novel biomarkers of both exposure and cardiometabolic injury that would lay the foundation for future remediation strategies. These studies employ state-of-the-art tools to develop pollutant atmospheres for animal exposure and to measure unique and sensitive biological endpoints reflective of cardiometabolic injury. In addition, work supported by the Center is leading to the development of new methods and devices for quantifying atmospheric levels of VOCs that employ advanced technologies and offer precise, but low-cost measurements of hazardous waste sites. As before, the major objectives of the Center are to conduct state-of-the-art research on the cardiometabolic toxicity of VOCs and to determine how they affect cardiometabolic disease (CMD) prevalence and severity in exposed populations. These studies will be complemented by mode-of-action mechanistic studies in animals to identify the molecular and cellular mechanisms that contribute to VOC toxicity. The findings of these studies will continue to contribute to both the discovery and the validation of sensitive and robust biomarkers that could be used to assess the extent of exposure, metabolism and toxicity. Center investigators are creating new technologies for detecting VOCs at low environmental levels to enable future exposure assessment activities. Senior Center members educate and train junior investigators, graduate students and post-doctoral Fellows in the field of environmental science, and promote relevant community awareness and participation to enhance mutual bidirectional understanding of exposure risk and the health effects of exposure. The findings and discoveries of the Center will be transferred to affected communities, end users in public and private sectors, and other stakeholders. For future use and analysis, all samples of human and animal tissues and all data collected during Center investigations will be stored in a computer-coded biorepository. Collectively, expansion and growth of the Center activities will enhance its contribution and lead to rigorous evaluation and better understanding of the effects of these hazardous chemicals on obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.