BIOSYNTHETIC KEY STEPS OF ANGUCYCLINE ANTITUMOR DRUGS

安古环素抗肿瘤药物的生物合成关键步骤

• 批准号: 7584055
• 负责人: Jurgen T Rohr
• 金额: $ 24.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7584055
• 关键词: Address; Amino Acids; Anabolism; Antifungal Antibiotics; Antineoplastic Agents; Architecture; Binding; Biological; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; C-glycoside; Colon; Coumarins; DNA; DNA Sequence Rearrangement; Development; Elements; Enzymatic Biochemistry; Enzymes; Family; Figs - dietary; Foundations; Gene Cluster; Generations; Genes; Genetic Recombination; Goals; Histones; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Molecular; Multienzyme Complexes; Oxygenases; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Production; Property; Prostate; Reaction; Research; Route; Side; Skin; Streptomyces; Streptomyces lividans; Structure; Substrate Interaction; Substrate Specificity; Toxic effect; Ultraviolet Rays; alpha benzopyrone; analog; anticancer activity; antineoplastic antibiotics; antitumor drug; base; combinatorial; drug biological activity; gilvocarcin V; glycosylation; glycosyltransferase; improved; interest; jadomycin B; leukemia; mutant; novel; polyketide synthase

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Gilvocarcins and jadomycins are angucyclin-derived anticancer drugs/antibiotics possessing unique molecular frames, whose common biosynthetic key step is an oxidative rearrangement catalyzed by a closely related set of enzymes. The gilvocarcins, produced by various Streptomyces strains including Streptomyces griseoflavus Go 3592, represent a distinct family of interesting aryl C-glycoside antitumor drugs with a coumarin-based aromatic core that promote specific DNA interactions when photoactivated by near UV light. This class of anticancer drugs shows excellent antitumor activity and remarkably low toxicity. Its unprecedented molecular architecture in conjunction with its unique biological activity makes the gilvocarcins an excellent target for biosynthetic studies and the development of novel, photoactivatable anticancer drugs through combinatorial biosynthesis. The drugs may be useful for the treatment of special cancers, such as brain tumors, colon, skin, lung, and prostate cancers or leukemia. The jadomycins are antibiotics/antifungals, whose structure is characterized by an unusual insertion of an amino acid building block after an oxidative bond breakage. Previous biosynthetic studies suggest for both, gilvocarcins and jadomycins, a pathway dominated by a type-2 polyketide synthase (PKS), leading initially to an angucycline type drug intermediate, which then oxidatively rearranges into the final molecular frame. Selected intriguing post-PKS tailoring steps, namely the oxidative rearrangement (gilvocarcin and jadomycin biosynthesis), the unusual C-glycosylation step (gilvocarcin biosynthesis), and the formation of the vinyl group side chain of gilvocarcin V, are key biosynthetic features responsible for the generation of structural elements, which are essential for the unique biological activity of the gilvocarcin drugs. The investigation of these cascades of post-PKS tailoring biosynthetic key reactions, found in both the jadomycin and gilvocarcin biosyntheses, is a main goal of the research, since it as an interesting model for post-PKS enzyme complexes, their mechanisms, interactions, substrate binding/passing modes etc. This topic has never been studied in detail despite the importance of such tailoring steps for the biological activity of polyketide drugs. The understanding of these biosynthetic steps, and the enzymes responsible for their execution will ultimately pave the way for the generation of more potential and more selective drugs through combinatorial biosynthetic methods. The following specific aims will be addressed: (1) Characterization of the late steps of the gilvocarcin and jadomycin biosynthesis; (2) Generation of new gilvocarcin analogues by inactivation and recombination of selected post-PKS tailoring genes; (3) Characterization of key enzymes of the gilvocarcin and the related jadomycin biosynthetic pathway to understand their mechanism-of-action and substrate specificity range, their interaction; and (4) assessment of the antitumor activity of gilvocarcin and newly generated analogues from specific aim 2. The long-term goal of this research is to develop improved anticancer drugs for the treatment of special cancers.

描述（由申请人提供）：Gilvocarcins和jadomycin是angucycin衍生的抗癌药物/抗生素，具有独特的分子框架，其共同的生物合成关键步骤是由一组密切相关的酶催化的氧化重排。