Columbia University and Northern Plains Partnership for the Superfund Research Program

摘要 部落土地受到15,000多个危险废物场地和7,000个废弃地雷的影响，这些地雷可以 破坏含水层的氧化还原化学，释放有毒金属。与部落社区合作 北达科他州/南达科他州，我们发现砷(As)和铀(U)会影响私人水井和农村地区的饮用水 北部平原的供水系统。我们的数据还显示，在20世纪90年代/21世纪初，来自 北部平原地区的尿砷和尿铀水平可能是其他美国人的2.5到5倍 造成心血管疾病的高负担。需要关于当前金属暴露水平的知识， 来源(本地和远端)、健康影响(并发、潜在、联合)、机械途径和有效 补救系统。为了解决这些科学和技术差距，我们成立了哥伦比亚大学 北方平原大学超级基金研究计划。这一新的伙伴关系有五个项目和四个核心 并将通过以下目标利用系统科学、本地知识和创新技术：(1) 集成新技术开发地下水金属浓度的户级时空模型 用USGS和IHS数据测量水的As、U和氧化还原参数。这些模型可以识别安全的水 而不是需要缓解干预的地方。(2)水和生物中金属的痕量来源和循环 通过稳定同位素测量(U，Se)来揭示氧化还原状态，并告知局部和远端 污染源，直接解决了我们社区的关切。(3)确定潜伏期和并发性 砷和铀对人类心脏代谢的影响(强心砷/铀终身研究，Shaul)，以及在人类- 相关的鼠标模型。这些数据将加强对因果关系和早期生命暴露的作用的评估。 (4)应用多组学(表观基因组学、代谢组学)研究砷和铀毒性的分子机制。 在人类(SAUL)和小鼠身上进行的纵向研究。跨物种比较可以识别健壮的签名 以及帮助制定干预战略的机制。(5)利用光线发展可持续的干预措施-- AS/U的基于使用点的水修复技术。该系统将产生并回收吸附 使用含有光合细菌的介质，并在治疗失败前提醒居民。社区参与 CORE将集中在北部平原，为所有研究活动和当地传播做出贡献。 数据管理、分析和管理核心将优化生成的复杂数据的使用 在尊重部落数据主权和促进循证政策和做法的同时 有害的有毒金属，有助于预防疾病。我们将培训下一代科学家 系统科学、技术、土著研究伦理和社区推广。广度、深度和 创新我们的方法、社区的核心作用、制度支持和我们的工作经验 共同为解决水质和人类健康问题的干预措施奠定基础 在北部平原的社区以及废弃的矿山和超级基金地点附近。

Summary Tribal lands are impacted by more than 15,000 hazardous waste sites and 7,000 abandoned mines that can disrupt the redox chemistry of aquifers and release toxic metals. In collaboration with tribal communities from North/South Dakota, we found that arsenic (As) and uranium (U) affect drinking water in private wells and rural water systems in the Northern Plains. Our data also show that in the 1990s/early 2000s Native Americans from the Northern Plains experienced urinary As and U levels 2.5 to 5 times higher than other US populations, likely contributing to a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Knowledge is needed on current metal exposure levels, sources (local and distal), health effects (concurrent, latent, joint), mechanistic pathways, and effective remediation systems. To address these scientific and technology gaps, we have established the Columbia University Northern Plains Superfund Research Program. This new partnership has five Projects and four Cores and will use systems science, local knowledge, and innovative technology through the following aims: (1) Develop household-level spatial and temporal models of groundwater metal concentrations integrating new measures of water As, U, and redox parameters with USGS and IHS data. These models can identify safe water vs. where mitigation interventions are needed. (2) Trace sources and cycling of metals in water and biological specimens through stable isotope measurements (U, Se) to reveal redox state and inform on local and distal sources of contamination, directly addressing our communities’ concern. (3) Determine latent and concurrent cardiometabolic effects of As and U in humans (Strong Heart As/U Lifelong study, SHAUL), and in human- relevant mouse models. These data will enhance the assessment of causality and the role of early life exposures. (4) Integrate molecular mechanisms of As and U toxicity using multi-omics (epigenomics, metabolomics) in longitudinal studies in humans (SHAUL) and mice. The cross-species comparison can identify robust signatures and mechanisms to help generate intervention strategies. (5) Develop sustainable interventions using light- based, point-of-use water remediation technology for As/U. This system will produce and recycle adsorption media with photosynthetic bacteria and alert residents before treatment failure. The Community Engagement Core will be centrally located in the Northern Plains, contributing to all research activities and local dissemination. The Data Management and Analysis and Administrative Cores will optimize use of the complex data generated while respecting tribal data sovereignty and promoting evidence-based policies and practices to address hazardous toxic metals and contribute to disease prevention. We will train the next generation of scientists in systems science, technology, Indigenous research ethics, and community outreach. The breadth, depth, and innovation of our approaches, the community’s central role, the institutional support, and our experience working together will lay the groundwork for interventions that address key concerns for water quality and human health in communities in the Northern Plains and near abandoned mines and Superfund sites.