Columbia University and Northern Plains Partnership for the Superfund Research Program

总结 部落土地受到15，000多个危险废物场地和7，000个废弃矿山的影响， 破坏含水层的氧化还原化学并释放有毒金属。与部落社区合作， 在北/南达科他州，我们发现砷（As）和铀（U）影响私人威尔斯和农村的饮用水 北方平原的水系我们的数据还显示，在20世纪90年代/21世纪初， 北方平原的尿砷和尿铀水平可能比美国其他人口高2.5至5倍， 导致心血管疾病的高负担。需要了解当前的金属接触水平， 来源（局部和远端）、健康影响（并发、潜在、联合）、机制途径和有效 补救系统。为了解决这些科学和技术差距，我们建立了哥伦比亚 大学北方平原超级基金研究计划。这个新的合作伙伴关系有五个项目和四个核心 并将通过以下目标利用系统科学、地方知识和创新技术：（1） 建立家庭一级地下水金属浓度的空间和时间模型， 测量水砷，铀和氧化还原参数与美国地质调查局和IHS数据。这些模型可以识别安全的水 vs.需要采取缓解措施的地方。(2)水和生物中金属的痕量来源和循环 标本通过稳定同位素测量（U，Se），以揭示氧化还原状态，并告知局部和远端 污染源，直接解决我们社区的关切。(3)确定潜在和并发 As和U在人体中的心脏代谢作用（强心As/U终身研究，SHAUL），以及 相关小鼠模型。这些数据将加强对因果关系和生命早期接触的作用的评估。 (4)利用多组学（表观基因组学、代谢组学）整合As和U毒性的分子机制， 人类（SHAUL）和小鼠的纵向研究。跨物种比较可以识别出稳健的特征 以及帮助制定干预战略的机制。(5)制定可持续的干预措施， 的，使用点的水修复技术的As/U。该系统将产生和回收吸附 媒体与光合细菌和警告居民之前，治疗失败。社区参与 核心将集中在北方平原，有助于所有的研究活动和当地的传播。 数据管理、分析和管理核心将优化所生成的复杂数据的使用 同时尊重部落数据主权，促进以证据为基础的政策和做法， 有害有毒金属，有助于预防疾病。我们将培养下一代科学家， 系统科学、技术、原住民研究道德和社区外展。它的广度、深度和 我们方法的创新，社区的中心作用，机构的支持，以及我们的工作经验 共同为解决水质和人类健康的关键问题奠定基础 在北方平原的社区和废弃的矿山和超级基金的网站附近。

Summary Tribal lands are impacted by more than 15,000 hazardous waste sites and 7,000 abandoned mines that can disrupt the redox chemistry of aquifers and release toxic metals. In collaboration with tribal communities from North/South Dakota, we found that arsenic (As) and uranium (U) affect drinking water in private wells and rural water systems in the Northern Plains. Our data also show that in the 1990s/early 2000s Native Americans from the Northern Plains experienced urinary As and U levels 2.5 to 5 times higher than other US populations, likely contributing to a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Knowledge is needed on current metal exposure levels, sources (local and distal), health effects (concurrent, latent, joint), mechanistic pathways, and effective remediation systems. To address these scientific and technology gaps, we have established the Columbia University Northern Plains Superfund Research Program. This new partnership has five Projects and four Cores and will use systems science, local knowledge, and innovative technology through the following aims: (1) Develop household-level spatial and temporal models of groundwater metal concentrations integrating new measures of water As, U, and redox parameters with USGS and IHS data. These models can identify safe water vs. where mitigation interventions are needed. (2) Trace sources and cycling of metals in water and biological specimens through stable isotope measurements (U, Se) to reveal redox state and inform on local and distal sources of contamination, directly addressing our communities’ concern. (3) Determine latent and concurrent cardiometabolic effects of As and U in humans (Strong Heart As/U Lifelong study, SHAUL), and in human- relevant mouse models. These data will enhance the assessment of causality and the role of early life exposures. (4) Integrate molecular mechanisms of As and U toxicity using multi-omics (epigenomics, metabolomics) in longitudinal studies in humans (SHAUL) and mice. The cross-species comparison can identify robust signatures and mechanisms to help generate intervention strategies. (5) Develop sustainable interventions using light- based, point-of-use water remediation technology for As/U. This system will produce and recycle adsorption media with photosynthetic bacteria and alert residents before treatment failure. The Community Engagement Core will be centrally located in the Northern Plains, contributing to all research activities and local dissemination. The Data Management and Analysis and Administrative Cores will optimize use of the complex data generated while respecting tribal data sovereignty and promoting evidence-based policies and practices to address hazardous toxic metals and contribute to disease prevention. We will train the next generation of scientists in systems science, technology, Indigenous research ethics, and community outreach. The breadth, depth, and innovation of our approaches, the community’s central role, the institutional support, and our experience working together will lay the groundwork for interventions that address key concerns for water quality and human health in communities in the Northern Plains and near abandoned mines and Superfund sites.