New Data Resources form the 1960 U.S. Census

明尼苏达州人口中心和人口普查局之间的合作有两个目标：1）在过去的四年里，人口普查局投入了大量的努力，从1960年到1980年人口和住房普查的长格式中恢复机器可读数据。1970年和1980年的数据被成功地验证并转换为现代格式。然而，1960年的数据集无法完全检索;该国某些地区的信息丢失了。幸运的是，丢失的记录保存在缩微胶片上，可以使用具有成本效益的扫描技术来恢复。对于研究人员来说，整个国家的完整长格式数据将是一个独特的数据资源，但这些数据更重要的是，它们有可能创建新的具有全国代表性的公共数据产品。1960年人口普查目前是跨越二十世纪的一系列公共使用微观数据集的薄弱环节，迫切需要新的档案。现有的1960年公共使用微观数据样本规模小，地理位置有限，无法对城市或大都市地区进行分析，也无法进行多层次分析。新的小面积汇总数据的情况同样令人信服。现有的简要档案缺少许多重要的表格，这些表格自1970年以来一直适用于所有人口普查，1960年人口普查区域的表格除了白人之外没有区分任何种族群体。1960年人口和住房普查的长格式数据代表了关于美国人口的未开发信息宝库。结合最近的人口普查数据，1960年丰富的新数据集有可能帮助我们了解正在改变我们生活的社会，经济和人口变化。这些新的数据产品将大大改善国家的统计基础设施，使人们能够对人口和健康相关行为的变化进行强有力的新分析。这项工作与NIH作为国家医学和行为研究管理者的中心使命直接相关：新数据将促进对人类人口动态性质的基础知识。1960年的数据将推进与健康有关的研究，包括人口增长和流动、生育率、死亡率和婚姻率，以及人口行为的经济和社会相关性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This collaboration between the Minnesota Population Center and the Census Bureau has two goals: 1) During the past four years, the Census Bureau has devoted significant effort to recovering machine-readable data from the long forms of the 1960 through 1980 Censuses of Population and Housing. Data from 1970 and 1980 were successfully verified and converted to modern formats. The 1960 dataset, however, could not be completely retrieved; information from some parts of the country was lost. Fortunately, the missing records survive on microfilm and can be recovered using cost-effective scanning technology. The complete long-form data for the entire country will be a unique data resource for researchers, but these data are even more important for their potential to create new nationally-representative public-use data products. The 1960 census is presently the weak link in the series of public use microdata datasets spanning the twentieth century, and new files are urgently needed. The small size and limited geography in the existing 1960 public use microdata sample precludes analysis of cities or metropolitan areas and makes multi-level analysis impossible. The case for new small-area summary data is equally compelling. The existing summary files are missing many important tabulations that are consistently available for all censuses from 1970 onward, and the tables for 1960 census tracts do not distinguish any racial groups except for whites. Long-form data from 1960 Census of Population and Housing represent an unexploited trove of information about the American population. Used in conjunction with data from more recent censuses, rich new datasets from 1960 have the potential to help us understand the social, economic, and demographic changes that are transforming our lives. These new data products will significantly improve the nation's statistical infrastructure, allowing powerful new analyses of changes in population and health-related behavior. This work is directly relevant to the central mission of the NIH as the steward of medical and behavioral research for the nation: the new data will advance fundamental knowledge about the nature of human population dynamics. The 1960 data will advance health-related research on population growth and movement, fertility, mortality, and nuptiality, as well as the .economic and social correlates of demographic behavior.