Self-Regulatory Control and Habit Learning in Adolescents with Bulimia Nervosa

描述(由申请人提供)：建议的导师研究科学家发展奖(K01)是瑞秋·马什博士的一项为期5年的计划，旨在发展成为调节儿童精神病理学中自我调节控制过程和习惯学习的神经系统的独立研究员。提高我们对这些系统异常的理解，可能有助于揭示儿童和青少年受冲动和习惯性行为困扰的疾病的病理生理学和发病机制。本申请请求支持职业发展和研究计划，以研究患有神经性暴食症(BN)的青少年的自我调节控制过程和习惯学习。这些职业发展活动以马什博士在发展心理学和实验心理学方面的背景为基础，并利用她在哥伦比亚大学的资源，使她能够实现成为一名独立的儿童精神病理学研究者的长期目标。这些活动结合了正式的教学经验和动手实践，使她能够：(1)发展功能神经成像技术的专业知识；(2)获得更全面的基础和认知神经科学知识；(3)增加对儿童障碍的临床表型和病理生理学的了解；以及(4)获得BN评估的临床经验和病理生理学专业知识。作为对这些训练活动的补充，马什博士建议使用功能磁共振成像来识别患有BN的青少年的额纹状体回路的功能障碍，额纹状体回路是自我调节控制的主要中介，可以预测这种疾病的存在或永久存在。这项拟议的研究还将有助于确定基底神经节内习惯学习系统的功能特征，这些系统在BN青少年中可能是异常的，并有助于他们习惯性的狂欢和排泄行为。额纹状体系统的紊乱可能会释放潜在的脆弱性，使BN从调控中发展出来，从而促进这些习惯性行为的表达。这项研究的结果将对理解BN的发展和治疗具有广泛的重要性，并有助于确定自我调节控制和习惯学习系统在其他起源于儿童的病理情况中的作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is a 5-year plan for Rachel Marsh, Ph.D. to develop into an independent investigator of the neural systems that mediate self-regulatory control processes and habit learning in childhood psychopathologies. Advancing our understanding of abnormalities in these systems may shed light on the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of disorders in which children and adolescents are plagued by the presence of impulsive and habitual behaviors. This application requests support for a career development and research plan to study self-regulatory control processes and habit learning in adolescents with Bulimia Nervosa (BN). The career development activities build on Dr. Marsh's background in developmental and experimental psychology and capitalize on the resources at Columbia University to allow her to achieve her long-term goal of becoming an independent investigator of childhood psychopathologies. These activities integrate both formal didactic experience and hands-on practicum that will enable her to: (1) develop expertise in functional neuroimaging techniques; (2) acquire more comprehensive knowledge of basic and cognitive neuroscience; (3) increase her understanding of the clinical phenotypes and pathophysiology of childhood disorders; and (4) gain clinical experience in the assessment of BN and expertise in its pathophysiology. Complementing these training activities, Dr. Marsh proposes to use fMRI to identify functional impairments of frontostriatal circuitry, the primary mediator of self- regulatory control, in adolescents with BN that may predict the presence or perpetuation of the disorder. The proposed research will also help to define the functional characteristics of habit-learning systems within the basal ganglia that may be abnormal in adolescents with BN and contribute to their habitual binging and purging behaviors. Disturbances in frontstriatal systems may release the underlying vulnerabilities to develop BN from regulatory control, contributing to the expression of these habitual behaviors. Findings from this study will have wide-ranging importance for the understanding of the development and treatment of BN and help to define the role of self-regulatory control and habit-learning systems in other pathological conditions that originate in childhood.