SEX DIFFERENCE IN HEALTH AND SURVIVAL IN STREPSIRRHINE PRIMATES

链球菌灵长类动物健康和生存的性别差异

• 批准号: 7668930
• 负责人: ANNE YODER
• 金额: $ 12.05万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7668930
• 关键词: Address; Advanced Development; Affect; Age; Aging; Aging-Related Process; Animal Model; Animals; Antioxidants; Behavior; Behavioral; Biodiversity; Biological; Breeding; Cause of Death; Characteristics; Cheirogaleus; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Databases; Demography; Disadvantaged; Ecology; Elements; Environment; Estradiol; Face; Female; France; Free Radicals; Gender; German population; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Gray unit of radiation dose; Health; Health Status; Housing; Human; Human Characteristics; Hydrocortisone; Immune system; Immunocompetence; Individual; Instruction; Investments; Laboratory Study; Lemurs; Life; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Madagascar; Measures; Medical History; Modeling; Monitor; Mouse Lemur; Output; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Parasites; Pathology; Pattern; Physical Function; Physiological; Physiology; Population; Primates; Production; Proteins; Research; Resources; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Seasons; Sex Characteristics; Statistical Models; Steroids; Stress; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Women' s Health; base; combat; comparative; cost; human male; interest; male; male health; mortality; nonhuman primate; oxidative damage; pathogen; reproductive; sex

Project 6: Sex Differences in Health and Suvival in Strepsirrhine Primates This project will elucidate potential mechanisms underlying the paradox that human males face a survival disadvantage throughout life, despite a seemingly better state of health, especially at old ages. Taking advantage of some of the unique characteristics of Strepsirrhine primates, severalevolution-based hypotheses will be evaluated. The first researchaim is to quantifythe survival consequences of 'risky male behaviors' by dissecting annual survival into time periods when the behaviors of interest occur. Sex-specific survival estimates for wild populations of Microcebus murinus and Cheirogaleus medius will be obtained by statistical modeling of capture-mark-recapture data. In aim 2, the hypothesis will be tested that whereas males outperform females in (physical) functioning, females retain higher immunocompetence. To evaluate this idea, sex-specificage trajectories of functioning and immunocompetence will be constructed for several elements of these two health components using animals from a large captive colony of M. murinus. Additionally, sex differences in health status and causes of death will be analyzed for severalStrepsirrhine species in a retrospective study using the medical histories database of the Duke Lemur Center. In the third aim we will assess the sex differences in seasonal patterns of health over age by comparing indicators of health during the reproductive (high steroid levels) and non-reproductive (low steroid levels) season. To this end, sex-/season-specific immunocompetence and concomitant steroid levels will be measured in captive M. murinus, and sex-/season-specific parasite loads in two wild populations will be quantified. In aim 4 we will test the hypothesis that (due to a more active immune system)females have higher levels of free radical production, but also higher antioxidant defenses comparedto males. In a longitudinal study we will monitor levels of.oxidative stress (reactive oxygen metabolites and antioxidant levels) and oxidative protein damage during aging in both sexes of M. murinus. RELEVANCE (See instructions): The proposed research will advance the development of Strepsirrhine primates, especially the gray mouse lemur (M. murinus) as a non-human primate model of aging, and also extend its domain to address questions on gender-specific health and aging. Ultimately, understanding some of the proximatefactors behind sex differences in survival and health will help to addressgender-specific health issues more efficiently and to predict sex-differentials in survival and health in a given context.

项目6：Strepsirrhine灵长类动物健康和生存的性别差异 这个项目将阐明人类男性面临生存困境的潜在机制， 尽管健康状况似乎更好，特别是在老年，但在整个生命中仍然处于不利地位。以 优势的一些独特的特点链鼻灵长类动物，几个进化为基础的 将对假设进行评估。第一个研究目标是量化“风险男性”的生存后果 通过将每年的生存时间分解为感兴趣的行为发生的时间段。性别特异 将通过以下方法获得Microcebus murinus和Cheirogaleus medius野生种群的生存估计值： 捕获-标记-再捕获数据的统计建模。在目标2中，将检验假设， 男性在（身体）功能方面优于女性，女性保持更高的免疫能力。评价 这个想法，性别特异性的功能和免疫能力的轨迹将被构建为几个 这两个健康组成部分的元素，使用动物从一个大的圈养殖民地的M。murinus。 此外，将分析几种链球菌的健康状况和死亡原因的性别差异 在一项回顾性研究中，使用杜克狐猴中心的病史数据库。第三 我们将通过比较以下指标来评估不同年龄段健康季节模式的性别差异： 在生殖（高类固醇水平）和非生殖（低类固醇水平）季节的健康。本 最后，将测量圈养M的性别/季节特异性免疫能力和伴随的类固醇水平。 murinus和性别/季节特异性寄生虫负载在两个野生种群将被量化。在目标4中， 测试假设（由于更活跃的免疫系统）女性有更高水平的自由基 生产，但也更高的抗氧化防御相比，男性。在一项纵向研究中，我们将监测 氧化应激水平（活性氧代谢物和抗氧化剂水平）和氧化蛋白损伤 雄性和雌性M. murinus。 相关性（参见说明）： 这项拟议中的研究将推动链鼻灵长类动物，特别是灰鼠的发展 狐猴（M. murinus）作为一种非人灵长类动物的衰老模型，也扩展了其领域，以解决 关于按性别区分的健康和老龄化问题。最终，了解一些近似因素 在生存和健康方面的性别差异背后， 并预测在特定情况下生存和健康方面的性别差异。