Photic and Nonphotic Input to the Human Circadian System
人类昼夜节律系统的光和非光输入
基本信息
- 批准号:7490626
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 27.63万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2001
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2001-07-15 至 2010-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AffectBiologicalBody TemperatureCharacteristicsCircadian RhythmsConditionConsciousCuesDiseaseEnrollmentExhibitsExposure toGrantHourHumanImageIndividualLaboratoriesLightMaintenanceMeasurementMediatingMelatoninPacemakersPathway interactionsPerceptionPhasePhotic StimulationPhotonsPhotoreceptorsPlasmaPopulationPrevalenceProductionPropertyProtocols documentationRelative (related person)Research PersonnelRestRetinal ConeRetinal Ganglion CellsRodent ModelScheduleScreening procedureSleepSocietiesStimulusSystemTestingTherapeutic UsesThinkingTimeVertebrate PhotoreceptorsVisionVisual system structureVisually Impaired PersonsWorkblindcircadian pacemakerdayday lengthdensitydesignlight effectsnovelresponseretinal rodssight for the blindsocialsuprachiasmatic nucleusurinary
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the previous grant, 'After-effects of entrainment of the human circadian pacemaker', we were able to demonstrate that non-photic time cues elicited a phase-shifting effect on circadian rhythms in totally blind subjects that, while unable to entrain non-24-hour circadian rhythms in society, was able to modify phase to a greater extent than previously thought. We also discovered that the prevalence of intact circadian photoreception (i.e., maintenance of the melatonin suppression response following ocular exposure to white light) in the absence of light perception was greater than prior studies suggested. In the current renewal application, we propose to further investigate these initial findings. Following screening to test for the presence or absence of an intact circadian photoreception response, subjects will enter one of two studies.
Study 1 will study those with an intact circadian response to light and examine the spectral sensitivity of circadian photoreception in the absence of photopic and scotopic photoreception. These results will be compared with similar studies that have already been completed in sighted subjects who maintain both circadian and photopic/scotopic photoreception to assess the relative contributions of these photoreceptor systems to circadian responses. Study 2 will study those who are not affected by light and will determine the limits of entrainment for non-photic time cues (sleep-wake, rest-activity, meals, showers, social contact) in order that the strength of such time cues can be determined for therapeutic use. Specifically we will test the hypotheses that: Study 1) exposure to monochromatic light of 460 nm for 6.5 h in the early biological night will cause a 3 h delay in circadian phase and a 85 percent suppression in pineal melatonin production whereas exposure to the same photon density of 555 nm will have no effect on circadian phase or melatonin suppression (compared to 1.7 h delay and 37 percent suppression in sighted subjects); Study 2) Exposure to a non-photic schedule advanced by 0.4 h relative to baseline intrinsic period will cause a phase advance of period of 0.4 h. This work has significant implications for understanding the novel photoreceptor system(s) underlying circadian and non-image-forming effects of light in humans and for further understanding the impact of non-photic time cues on the human circadian pacemaker by defining the limits of entrainment for non-photic synchronizers in order to potentially evaluate the efficacy of such time cues for treatment of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders in both the blind and sighted populations
描述(由申请人提供):在之前的资助中,“人类昼夜节律起搏器夹带的后效”,我们能够证明,非光时间线索引起了对完全失明受试者的昼夜节律的相移效应,虽然无法在社会中夹带非24小时昼夜节律,但能够在比以前认为的更大程度上修改相位。我们还发现,完整的昼夜光感受(即,在没有光感的情况下,在眼部暴露于白色光之后褪黑激素抑制反应的维持大于先前的研究所建议的。在目前的续期申请中,我们建议进一步调查这些初步发现。在筛选以检测是否存在完整的昼夜光感受反应后,受试者将进入两项研究之一。
研究1将研究那些对光有完整昼夜节律反应的人,并在缺乏明视和暗视光感受的情况下检查昼夜节律光感受的光谱灵敏度。这些结果将与已经在维持昼夜节律和明视/暗视光感受的有视力受试者中完成的类似研究进行比较,以评估这些感光系统对昼夜节律反应的相对贡献。研究2将研究那些不受光影响的人,并将确定非光时间线索(睡眠-觉醒、休息-活动、用餐、淋浴、社会接触)的夹带限度,以便确定这些时间线索的强度以用于治疗。具体而言,我们将检验以下假设:研究1)在生物学夜晚早期暴露于460 nm的单色光6.5 h,将导致昼夜节律相位延迟3 h,松果体褪黑激素产生抑制85%,而暴露于相同光子密度的555 nm,对昼夜节律相位或褪黑激素抑制没有影响(与有视力受试者中的1.7小时延迟和37%抑制相比);研究2)暴露于相对于基线固有周期提前0.4小时的无光时间表将导致0.4小时的相位提前。这项工作对于了解人类昼夜节律和非图像形成效应的新型感光器系统具有重要意义,并通过定义非光同步器的夹带限制来进一步了解非光时间线索对人类昼夜节律起搏器的影响,以便潜在地评估此类时间线索治疗昼夜节律睡眠的功效-盲人和有视力人群的觉醒障碍
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Visual impairment and circadian rhythm disorders.
视力障碍和昼夜节律紊乱。
- DOI:10.31887/dcns.2007.9.3/slockley
- 发表时间:2007
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:8.3
- 作者:Lockley,StevenW;Arendt,Josephine;Skene,DebraJ
- 通讯作者:Skene,DebraJ
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STEVEN W LOCKLEY其他文献
STEVEN W LOCKLEY的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('STEVEN W LOCKLEY', 18)}}的其他基金
Effects of the circadian clock and light on the production of estrogens
生物钟和光对雌激素产生的影响
- 批准号:
7739365 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
Effects of the circadian clock and light on the production of estrogens
生物钟和光对雌激素产生的影响
- 批准号:
7869330 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
Mechanism Underlying the Effects of Blue Light in Humans
蓝光对人体影响的机制
- 批准号:
7104813 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
Mechanism Underlying the Effects of Blue Light in Humans
蓝光对人体影响的机制
- 批准号:
7273474 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
Treatment of Circadian Sleep Disorders with Bright Light
用强光治疗昼夜节律睡眠障碍
- 批准号:
7624255 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
Treatment of Circadian Sleep Disorders with Bright Light
用强光治疗昼夜节律睡眠障碍
- 批准号:
7922051 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 27.63万 - 项目类别:
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