Characterizing the neural mechanisms of social connection

表征社会联系的神经机制

• 批准号: 10374435
• 负责人: Luke Joseph Chang
• 金额: $ 55.26万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10374435
• 关键词: Affective; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Buffers; Communication; Coping Skills; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Etiology; Event; Feedback; Feeling; Fostering; Foundations; Future; Health; Individual; Laboratories; Lead; Literature; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Neurobiology; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reaction; Relapse; Reporting; Rewards; Risk-Taking; Rodent; Role; Self Administration; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking History; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Values; Social isolation; Social support; Stimulus; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Time; Work; adverse outcome; coping mechanism; craving; design; effective intervention; emotional reaction; experience; experimental study; innovation; interest; maladaptive behavior; mortality; movie; negative affect; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; nicotine use; nicotine user; non-drug; non-smoker; preference; prevent; psychologic; public health priorities; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; smoking cessation; social; social attachment; social media; social relationships; substance use

Project Summary Social isolation is associated with a host of negative outcomes including increased rates of depression and early mortality. Critically, social isolation can lead to maladaptive choices such as substance use as a coping strategy for negative affect. Importantly, perceived connection with others can ameliorate adverse consequences of isolation, potentially mitigating maladaptive coping mechanisms (i.e., substance use). Indeed, close connections with others satisfy basic needs of belongingness and are associated with enhancing the reward value of social experiences as reflected in reward-related neural circuits. While evidence in rodents suggests that the potential for social interaction decreases the likelihood of substance use, there remains a critical gap in treatment approaches in enabling substance-dependent individuals to form healthy social connections. This is in large part due to: 1) neurobiological models of substance abuse have yet to widely integrate social context; 2) dynamic social interactions are difficult to study in laboratory settings; and 3) a current lack of mechanistic understanding how social rewards facilitate the development of social bonds. Our proposal aims to delineate the mechanisms underlying the formation of social bonds as a precursor to understanding how they may help sway maladaptive behaviors. We suggest that a critical aspect to forming a social connection is developing a shared interpretation of reality, in which individuals begin to share similar perspectives and preferences. We test this idea across 3 aims by first characterizing the basic mechanisms underlying social reward-seeking behaviors using ecologically-valid stimuli (e.g., posting personal photos on social media). We then use a naturalistic paradigm to create shared affective experiences and examine the role of communicating shared preferences in forming social bonds in Aim 2. Finally, we recognize that shared preferences may also make it difficult for behavior to change if such preferences converge on maladaptive behaviors such as nicotine use. We explore this idea in Aim 3 by examining mechanisms underlying social reward-seeking in a nicotine-dependent population, while also considering how shared preferences may impact behavior. Taken together, the proposed studies will use ecologically-valid stimuli and naturalistic paradigms to delineate the mechanisms of how social rewards, which signal shared preferences, shape social reward-seeking behaviors, facilitate social connection and may mitigate (or promote) cravings for substances in nicotine users. Importantly, this work will lay the groundwork for future proposals to investigate the role of the dynamics of social connection in substance abuse.

项目摘要 社会孤立与一系列负面后果有关，包括抑郁症和早产儿的发病率增加 死亡率。关键的是，社会孤立可能会导致不适应的选择，例如将物质用作应对策略 对于负面影响。重要的是，感知到的与他人的联系可以缓解 与世隔绝，有可能减轻适应不良的应对机制(即，使用药物)。事实上，密切的联系 与其他人一起满足归属感的基本需求，并与提高社会回报价值有关 反映在与奖励相关的神经回路中的经验。虽然在啮齿动物身上的证据表明， 由于社会互动降低了使用物质的可能性，因此在治疗方面仍存在严重差距 使依赖物质的个人能够形成健康的社会关系的方法。这在很大程度上是 由于：1)物质滥用的神经生物学模型尚未广泛整合社会背景；2)动态 在实验室环境中很难研究社会互动；3)目前缺乏机械性的理解 社会奖励如何促进社会纽带的发展。 我们的建议旨在勾勒出社会纽带形成的潜在机制，作为 了解它们如何帮助改变适应不良的行为。我们认为，形成一种 社会关系正在发展一种对现实的共同解释，其中个人开始分享类似的 观点和偏好。我们首先通过描述基本机制来测试这一想法 使用生态有效刺激的潜在社会奖励行为(例如，在 社交媒体)。然后，我们使用自然主义范式来创造共享的情感体验，并检查角色 在目标2中，在形成社会纽带时传达共同的偏好。最后，我们认识到 如果偏好集中在适应不良上，偏好也可能使行为很难改变 尼古丁的使用等行为。我们在目标3中通过研究潜在的社会机制来探索这一想法 尼古丁依赖人群中的奖赏寻求，同时也考虑了共同偏好可能会如何影响 行为。总之，拟议的研究将使用生态有效的刺激和自然主义范式来 描绘了社会奖励如何塑造社会奖励寻求的机制，社会奖励是共同偏好的信号 行为，促进社会联系，可能缓解(或促进)尼古丁使用者对物质的渴望。 重要的是，这项工作将为未来研究社会动态的作用的提案奠定基础 与药物滥用有关。