Characterizing the neural mechanisms of social connection

表征社会联系的神经机制

• 批准号: 10611142
• 负责人: Luke Joseph Chang
• 金额: $ 51.73万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10611142
• 关键词: Affective; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Buffers; Communication; Coping Skills; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Development; Etiology; Event; Feedback; Feeling; Fostering; Foundations; Future; Health; Individual; Laboratories; Literature; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Neurobiology; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Process; Public Health; Reaction; Reporting; Rewards; Risk Taking; Rodent; Role; Self Administration; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking History; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Values; Social isolation; Social support; Stimulus; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Work; adverse outcome; coping mechanism; craving; design; effective intervention; emotional reaction; experience; experimental study; innovation; interest; maladaptive behavior; mentalization; mortality; movie; negative affect; neural; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; nicotine use; nicotine user; non-drug; non-smoker; preference; psychologic; public health priorities; recruit; relapse prevention; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; social; social attachment; social media; social relationships; substance use

Project Summary Social isolation is associated with a host of negative outcomes including increased rates of depression and early mortality. Critically, social isolation can lead to maladaptive choices such as substance use as a coping strategy for negative affect. Importantly, perceived connection with others can ameliorate adverse consequences of isolation, potentially mitigating maladaptive coping mechanisms (i.e., substance use). Indeed, close connections with others satisfy basic needs of belongingness and are associated with enhancing the reward value of social experiences as reflected in reward-related neural circuits. While evidence in rodents suggests that the potential for social interaction decreases the likelihood of substance use, there remains a critical gap in treatment approaches in enabling substance-dependent individuals to form healthy social connections. This is in large part due to: 1) neurobiological models of substance abuse have yet to widely integrate social context; 2) dynamic social interactions are difficult to study in laboratory settings; and 3) a current lack of mechanistic understanding how social rewards facilitate the development of social bonds. Our proposal aims to delineate the mechanisms underlying the formation of social bonds as a precursor to understanding how they may help sway maladaptive behaviors. We suggest that a critical aspect to forming a social connection is developing a shared interpretation of reality, in which individuals begin to share similar perspectives and preferences. We test this idea across 3 aims by first characterizing the basic mechanisms underlying social reward-seeking behaviors using ecologically-valid stimuli (e.g., posting personal photos on social media). We then use a naturalistic paradigm to create shared affective experiences and examine the role of communicating shared preferences in forming social bonds in Aim 2. Finally, we recognize that shared preferences may also make it difficult for behavior to change if such preferences converge on maladaptive behaviors such as nicotine use. We explore this idea in Aim 3 by examining mechanisms underlying social reward-seeking in a nicotine-dependent population, while also considering how shared preferences may impact behavior. Taken together, the proposed studies will use ecologically-valid stimuli and naturalistic paradigms to delineate the mechanisms of how social rewards, which signal shared preferences, shape social reward-seeking behaviors, facilitate social connection and may mitigate (or promote) cravings for substances in nicotine users. Importantly, this work will lay the groundwork for future proposals to investigate the role of the dynamics of social connection in substance abuse.

项目概要 社会孤立与许多负面结果相关，包括抑郁症发病率增加和早期 死亡。至关重要的是，社会孤立可能导致适应不良的选择，例如使用药物作为应对策略 为了负面影响。重要的是，感知到与他人的联系可以减轻不良后果 隔离，可能减轻适应不良的应对机制（即物质使用）。确实关系密切 与他人的交往满足基本的归属感需求，并与提高社会奖励价值相关 与奖励相关的神经回路所反映的体验。虽然啮齿类动物的证据表明潜在的 由于社交互动会降低药物使用的可能性，因此治疗方面仍存在重大差距 使物质依赖者能够形成健康的社会联系的方法。这在很大程度上是 由于：1）药物滥用的神经生物学模型尚未广泛融入社会背景； 2）动态 社会互动很难在实验室环境中研究； 3）目前缺乏机制理解 社会奖励如何促进社会纽带的发展。 我们的建议旨在描绘社会纽带形成的潜在机制，作为社会纽带形成的先驱 了解它们如何帮助改变适应不良行为。我们建议，形成一个关键的方面 社会联系正在形成对现实的共同解释，其中个体开始分享相似的东西 观点和偏好。我们通过首先描述基本机制来测试这个想法的三个目标 使用生态上有效的刺激来寻求潜在的社会奖励行为（例如，在 社交媒体）。然后，我们使用自然主义范式来创建共享的情感体验并检查角色 目标 2 中的沟通共同偏好以形成社会纽带。最后，我们认识到共同偏好 如果这种偏好趋于适应不良，偏好也可能使行为难以改变。 诸如使用尼古丁等行为。我们在目标 3 中通过研究社会的潜在机制来探索这个想法。 尼古丁依赖人群的奖励寻求，同时还考虑共同偏好可能如何影响 行为。总而言之，拟议的研究将使用生态有效的刺激和自然主义范式来 描述表明共同偏好的社会奖励如何塑造社会奖励寻求的机制 行为，促进社会联系，并可能减轻（或促进）尼古丁使用者对物质的渴望。 重要的是，这项工作将为未来研究社会动态作用的建议奠定基础。 与药物滥用的联系。