The Interplay between Insomnia and Reward Processing in Risk for Depression

项目摘要/摘要 睡眠问题和奖赏加工缺陷之间的联系已经在 抑郁症；然而，很少有研究研究两者在传递抑郁风险方面的相互作用。沉睡 问题不仅与抑郁症的症状有关，而且与其病因和 维修。快感缺乏是抑郁症的一个标志，它与奖赏回路的变化有关，这会导致 对奖励刺激的反应性降低。对健康人的研究表明，睡眠减少 扰乱奖励处理，特别是通过增加对奖励刺激的反应性以及减少 追求回报的动力。然而，失眠在奖赏加工缺陷中的作用与 抑郁症不太清楚，而且还没有研究在日常过程中检验这种关系。在……里面 具体地说，尽管奖励处理由独特的和可分离的过程组成，包括 预期奖赏加工、完成性奖赏加工和在追求中招募努力的动机 关于奖励，还没有研究试图描绘失眠和这些单独的奖励之间的关系。 相关组件。对日常流程的理解可能对我们的 了解抑郁症风险传递的确切机制。因此，目前的研究 建议描述失眠和奖励之间的人与人之间和人与人之间的联系 正在处理(目标1)。尽管大量研究都是关于抑郁症中的奖赏相关缺陷和 睡眠障碍在抑郁和奖赏加工中的作用，很少有人尝试 全面研究这两个系统之间的潜在相互作用。因此，这个项目也将 研究失眠如何缓和奖赏加工的特质水平缺陷与 短暂的抑郁情绪(目标2)。这些目标将通过18-22岁的年轻人样本进行测试 145例。拟议的研究将包括一次基线实验室访问，以评估特质水平的奖励处理。 功能、慢性失眠严重程度和抑郁症状，以及利用生态瞬间 为期7天的评估和活动监测，以评估短暂的抑郁情绪和日常目标 睡吧。拟议的项目将通过描绘失眠和失眠之间的关系来推进这一领域 日常奖励流程的多个组成部分。此外，澄清失眠和奖励的处理 缺陷之间的相互作用可以提供对抑郁症发展的更统一的理解 风险。

Project Summary/Abstract The link between both sleep problems and reward processing deficits have been well-established in depression; however, little research has examined the interplay of the two in conveying depression risk. Sleep problems are strongly implicated in not only the symptomatology of depression but also in its etiology and maintenance. Anhedonia, a hallmark of depression, is related to alterations in reward circuitry that leads to decreased reactivity to rewarding stimuli. Studies in healthy individuals have shown that decreased sleep disrupts reward processing, in particular by increasing reactivity to rewarding stimuli as well as decreasing motivation to pursue rewards. However, the role of insomnia in reward processing deficits associated with depression is less clear, and no studies have examined this relationship in the context of daily processes. In particular, although reward processing consists of unique and dissociable processes, comprising of anticipatory reward processing, consummatory reward processing, and motivation to recruit effort in the pursuit of reward, no study has attempted to delineate the relationship between insomnia and these separate reward- related components. Understanding of daily processes may be particularly critical in informing our understanding of the exact mechanisms through which risk for depression is conveyed. Thus, the current study proposes to characterize both between-person and within-person associations between insomnia and reward processing (Aim 1). Despite the large bodies of research on both reward-related deficits in depression and the role of sleep disturbance in depression and reward-processing, few attempts have been made to comprehensively examine the potential interplay between these two systems. Thus, this project will also examine how insomnia moderates the relationship between trait-level deficits in reward processing and momentary depressed mood (Aim 2). These aims will be tested using a sample of young adults aged 18-22 (N=145). The proposed study will include a baseline laboratory visit to assess trait-level reward processing function, chronic insomnia severity, and depressive symptoms, as well as utilize ecological momentary assessment and activity monitoring for 7 days to assess momentary depressed mood as well as daily objective sleep. The proposed project will advance the field by delineating the relationship between insomnia and multiple components of daily reward processes. Additionally, clarifying how insomnia and reward processing deficits interact with each other can provide a more unifying understanding of the development of depression risk.