Administrative Supplement to: Sensitization of the Reinforcing Value of Food as a Predictor of Weight Change in Adolescents

行政补充：食物强化价值作为青少年体重变化预测因子的敏感性

• 批准号: 9788779
• 负责人: Jennifer L Temple
• 金额: $ 0.93万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2021-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788779
• 关键词: Address; Administrative Supplement; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Appointment; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body fat; Body mass index; Brain; Candy; Child Care; Chocolate; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Eating; Environment; Financial compensation; Food; Food Energy; Funding; Future; Health Food; Healthy Eating; Height; Hour; Hyperphagia; Impulsivity; Incentives; Income; Individual; Intake; Italy; Laboratories; Lead; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Motivation; Non obese; Obesity; Overweight; Parents; Participant; Pathology; Pattern; Phenotype; Physical activity; Play; Population; Potato; Predisposition; Prevention strategy; Psychological reinforcement; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Self Administration; Source; Stimulus; System; Text; Time; Transportation; Visit; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; adult obesity; base; cohort; cost; design; discount; discounting; emerging adult; energy density; executive function; follow-up; food consumption; good diet; high risk; improved; indexing; novel; obesity risk; parent grant; payment; prevent; prospective; protective factors; rapid growth; recruit; reinforced behavior; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; treatment strategy

Project Summary/Abstract The adolescent brain is driven to seek out novel reinforcers, but the areas of the brain involved in impulse control and executive function remain immature until early adulthood. This may make adolescents particularly susceptible to overeating and weight gain. Motivation to eat, or reinforcing value, is a strong predictor of energy consumption and adiposity. Understanding factors that lead to higher levels of the reinforcing value of food is a critical first step toward developing novel treatment and prevention strategies for obesity. Our previous work has shown that repeated intake of snack foods, such as potato chips and chocolate candy, decreases the reinforcing value of that snack food in non-obese adults, but increases the reinforcing value of that snack food in a subset of obese adults. To date, this relationship has been demonstrated in cross- sectional studies. In addition, our preliminary data, presented in this proposal, suggest that individuals who increase responses for healthier snack foods (energy density <1.5 kcal/gram) weigh less than those who decrease responses for these foods after repeated administration. This suggests that sensitization of the reinforcing value of food may be a risk or a protective factor against obesity depending on the type of food being consumed. Another protective factor may be having a high reinforcing value of physical activity. Studies have shown that individuals who find physical activity very reinforcing weigh less. Finally, our work and that of others suggests that individuals who are high in reinforcing value of food and high in delay discounting may be at greater risk for weight gain. The purpose of the proposed study is to 1) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of high energy density snack foods predict weight gain over time. 2) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of low energy density snacks protects against weight gain over time 3) to determine if reinforcing value of physical activity and/or delay discounting moderate the relationship between sensitization of the reinforcing value of food on weight change in adolescents. These studies will allow us not only to determine the weight-related consequences of sensitization of the reinforcing value of food, but also to identify factors that moderate changes in body weight over time as they relate to the reinforcing value of food. Once these factors are identified and characterized, future studies could focus on refining methods for altering the reinforcing value of food as a way to increase healthy eating and decrease less healthy food intake. In order to maximize the fidelity of the data that we are collecting, it is imperative that we recruit a diverse participant population and retain the vast majority of participants. The purpose of this administrative supplement is to improve retention of our participant population by increasing participant and parent payment and by increasing between-visit participant engagement.

项目总结/摘要 青少年的大脑被驱使去寻找新奇的事物，但大脑中与冲动有关的区域 控制和执行功能直到成年早期才发育成熟。这可能会使青少年特别 容易暴饮暴食和体重增加。吃的动机，或强化价值，是一个强有力的预测， 能量消耗和肥胖。了解导致更高水平的强化价值的因素， 食物是开发新型肥胖治疗和预防策略的关键第一步。我们 先前的研究表明，重复摄入零食，如薯片和巧克力糖， 降低了非肥胖成年人的零食强化值，但增加了 在肥胖的成年人中，到目前为止，这种关系已经在交叉- 分段研究。此外，我们在本提案中提出的初步数据表明， 对健康零食（能量密度<1.5千卡/克）的反应比那些 减少对这些食物的反应后，重复给药。这表明， 食物的强化价值可能是预防肥胖的风险或保护因素，这取决于食物的类型 被消费。另一个保护因素可能是身体活动的高强化值。研究 已经表明，那些发现体育活动非常增强的人体重较轻。最后，我们的工作和 另一些人认为，那些食物强化价值高、延迟折扣高的人， 体重增加的风险更大。拟议研究的目的是1）确定是否增加 高能量密度零食的强化值可预测体重随时间的增加。2)确定是否增加 在低能量密度零食的强化值中，随着时间的推移防止体重增加3）以确定是否 身体活动的强化价值和/或延迟折扣缓和了敏感化之间的关系 食物对青少年体重变化的强化价值。这些研究将使我们不仅能够 确定与体重相关的后果敏化食品的强化价值，而且要确定 这些因素与食物的强化价值有关，可缓和体重随时间的变化。一旦 这些因素被识别和表征，未来的研究可以集中在改进方法，改变 加强食物的价值，以增加健康饮食，减少不健康的食物摄入。为了 为了最大限度地提高我们收集的数据的保真度，我们必须招募一个多样化的 参与者人数，并保留绝大多数参与者。本行政的目的 补助金目的是增加参加者和家长人数，以挽留参加者人数 支付和增加访问参与者的参与。