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Diet and the Adolescent Brain

饮食与青少年大脑

基本信息

批准号：
10705079
负责人：
DAVID C KNIGHT
金额：
$ 18.56万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-15 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705079
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Adherence Adolescent Adult Affect Age Amygdaloid structure Animal Experimentation Animal Model Anxiety Area Attention Attentional deficit Behavior Behavioral Biological Markers Brain Chemistry Child Child Rearing Chronic Disease Cognition Consumption Data Deterioration Developed Countries Development Diagnosis Diet Dietary Factors Dietary Intervention Education Elderly Emotional Emotions Energy Intake Family Fiber Food Fructose Funding Future Health Food Health behavior Height Hippocampus Hour Human Ice Cream Impairment Intake Intervention Learning Limbic System Link Longitudinal Studies Male Adolescents Measures Mediterranean Diet Memory Mental Depression Middle School Student Neighborhoods Nutrient Nutritional Obesity Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outcome Participant Physical activity Physical aggression Policies Prefrontal Cortex Premature Infant Problem behavior Process Psychosocial Stress Public Health Recommendation Regulation Sampling Science Sleep Sodium Source Structure Students Temperature Weight Youth adolescent brain development behavior change cognitive task cohort data integration density early adolescence eighth grade ethnic diversity fast food food consumption food insecurity fruits and vegetables good diet gray matter gut microbiome improved informant intervention program myelination neural neurochemistry neuroimaging neuroinflammation neuromechanism nutrition preservation randomized, clinical trials response saturated fat seventh grade sixth grade socioeconomics soft drink stool sample stria terminalis sugar sustained attention sweetened beverage trend verbal virtual western diet white matter

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The quality of children’s diet has deteriorated tremendously over the last decades in the U.S. and other developed countries, with increased intake of unhealthy foods and decreased consumption of healthy foods. The effects of children’s diet on obesity and chronic disease have been well-studied, but recent evidence suggests that children’s diet also affects their behavioral, emotional, and academic functioning. However, little is known about the neural substrates that may underlie these effects. Studies with animal models convincingly demonstrate that ‘Western’ diet – high in saturated fat and added sugars – has a profound negative effects on cognition and behavior through impairments in frontal, limbic, and hippocampal areas of the brain. However, few studies have examined connections between diet and the brain in humans. The relationships between diet, behavior, and academic outcomes are particularly relevant in early adolescence when diet quality typically deteriorates; behavioral, emotional, and academic problems increase; and the brain undergoes rapid development and reorganization that make it more vulnerable to environmental influences. Because virtually nothing is known about the impact of diet on the adolescent brain, this R21 application aims to examine associations between adolescents’ diet and white matter microstructure, neurochemistry, and brain function on tasks related to 1) sustained attention, 2) learning and memory, and 3) emotional and behavioral regulation. We leverage longitudinal, multi-source data collected through the ongoing Adolescent Diet Study, which conducts a full week of daily 24-hour diet recalls and lunch observations on 288 middle school students annually in 6th, 7th, and 8th grade. This R21 project would add a single neuroimaging session, IQ screen, and nutrition biomarkers for a random subset of 80 participants after the 8th grade assessment. Integrated data from both studies will allow us to determine the relationships of intake of saturated fats and added sugars with key aspects of the adolescent brain that underlie behavioral, emotional, and academic functioning – white matter microstructure, neurochemistry, and brain function on tasks of attention, verbal memory, and emotional and behavioral regulation. Better understanding of the connections between diet and the adolescent brain will facilitate more effective public health messaging and nutrition-focused interventions to enhance healthy brain development and improve emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes of youth.

项目总结