Sensor-based Just-in Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) Targeting Eating Behavior

项目摘要/摘要 长期的体重控制很难实现，需要永久性地改变饮食行为。新兴 可穿戴式传感器技术能够准确和客观地测量摄食行为，并实时 对传感器数据的分析为单独定制和立即交付的开发铺平了道路 干预(即时适应性干预；吉泰)以改变饮食行为。基于经验和 理论上支持体重控制的行为改变策略，建议的项目依赖于 可穿戴传感器技术、机器学习、行为科学、个性化医学和 提供和检测此类JITAI的营养。我们之前开发了一种可穿戴式传感器，自动摄取 监视器(AIM)，其自动且准确地检测进食并表征膳食微结构(例如， 进食时间、摄食率)。这些数据还可以用来准确估计能量摄入量。这个 这个项目的目标是：1)使用AIM来研究观察到的两种常见的行为模式 超重/肥胖的个人，即每日总能量摄入量(EI)过高和进食速度快；2) 定义针对这些行为的两个JITAI的最佳个性化触发度量；以及3)评估 JITAI对小鼠每日能量摄入及靶向行为的影响为了实现这些目标，我们将首先进行 一项研究，以表征目标饮食行为，然后模拟和定义个性化的触发指标 JITAI旨在改变有针对性的饮食行为，降低EI。JITAI植根于自律理论 (SRT)：设定行为目标并监控朝着该目标的进展，并提供反馈以加强成功。 为了启用SRT通知的JITAI，我们将首先使用AIM来收集有关摄食行为的数据 由90名超重/肥胖成年人的客观、传感器测量的指标量化，这些人将穿着 设备在自由生活条件下可使用一周。第二，使用收集的数据集，我们将：a)分析个体 每日累积EI和进食率曲线，以定义触发参数 个性化的吉泰送货，以及b)对吉泰送货和效果进行数值模拟。然后我们将进行一次 第二项研究旨在评估JITAI对自由生活参与者的EI和进食行为的即刻影响。 我们将对128名成年人进行为期7周的受试者内试验。为了使JITAI个性化， AIM将在一周的磨合期内了解个人的饮食模式。每个吉泰将在两周内交付 (2-3周和5-6周)随机交叉设计，得出每日EI和摄食行为 与基准相比，通过问卷调查来评估联合技术援助的可接受性。在淘汰赛第4周和 7、参与者将继续佩戴AIM(无JITAI)以评估干预效果的持续性。这个 提出的项目是证明基于AIM的JITAI可以改变各种饮食行为的第一步 与过量的EI有关。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Long-term weight control is difficult to achieve and requires permanent changes in eating behavior. Emerging wearable sensor technology enables accurate and objective measurement of ingestive behavior, and real-time analysis of the sensor data paves the way for development of individually tailored and immediately delivered intervention (just-in-time adaptive Intervention; JITAI) to change eating behavior. Grounded in empirically and theoretically supported behavior change strategies for weight control, the proposed project relies on the synergy of wearable sensor technology, machine learning, behavioral science, personalized medicine, and nutrition to deliver and test such JITAIs. We previously developed a wearable sensor, the Automatic Ingestion Monitor (AIM), that automatically and accurately detects eating and characterizes meal microstructure (e.g., eating duration, rate of ingestion). These data can also be used to accurately estimate energy intake. The goals of this project are to: 1) use the AIM to study two common behavioral patterns observed among individuals with overweight/obesity, namely, excessive total daily energy intake (EI) and fast eating rate; 2) define the optimal personalized triggering metrics for two JITAIs targeting these behaviors; and 3) evaluate JITAIs’ effects on daily energy intake and targeted behaviors. In fulfillment of these goals, we will first conduct a study to characterize the target eating behaviors, then simulate and define triggering metrics for personalized JITAIs to change targeted eating behaviors and decrease EI. The JITAIs are rooted in self-regulation theory (SRT): setting a behavioral goal and monitoring progress toward that goal, with feedback to reinforce success. To enable the SRT-informed JITAIs, we will first use the AIM to collect data about ingestive behaviors quantified by objective, sensor-measured metrics from 90 adults with overweight/obesity who will wear the device for one week in free living conditions. Second, using the collected dataset, we will: a) analyze individual curves of cumulative daily EI and rate of eating within eating episodes to define triggering parameters for personalized JITAI delivery, and b) numerically simulate JITAI delivery and effects. We will then conduct a second study to evaluate the immediate effect of JITAIs on EI and ingestive behavior in free living participants. We will conduct a within-subjects trial with 128 adults wearing the AIM for 7 weeks. To personalize JITAIs, the AIM will learn individual eating patterns over a 1-week run-in period. Each JITAI will be delivered for two weeks (weeks 2-3 and 5-6) in a randomized crossover design with the resulting daily EI and ingestive behavior compared to baseline and the acceptability of the JITAIs assessed via questionnaire. On washout weeks 4 and 7, participants will continue to wear the AIM (no JITAIs) to assess persistence of intervention effects. The proposed project is the first step in demonstrating that AIM-based JITAIs can alter a variety of eating behaviors associated with excess EI.