Self-regulation of Health Promotion: the Roles of Momentary Variability in Working Memory Capacity and Neurocognitive Aging

健康促进的自我调节：瞬时变异在工作记忆能力和神经认知衰老中的作用

• 批准号: 10005942
• 负责人: Jonathan G. Hakun
• 金额: $ 24.32万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10005942
• 关键词: Achievement; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Award; Behavior; Brain; Brain imaging; Cellular Phone; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Complex; Consequentialism; Ecological momentary assessment; Elderly; Failure; Funding; Goals; Gold; Guidelines; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Investigation; Kentucky; Lead; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Methodology; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Parietal; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pennsylvania; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Physical activity; Play; Resources; Risk; Role; Short-Term Memory; Stress; Stressful Event; Structure; Time; Training; Translating; Translations; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Variant; Walking; Work; age group; age related; base; cognitive ability; cognitive function; cognitive load; executive function; flexibility; memory process; middle age; nervous system disorder; neuropathology; novel; novel strategies; physical conditioning; recruit; standard measure; theories

Project Summary The ability to instantiate and maintain goal representations in short-term (“working”) memory (WM) is central to human capacities for flexible thought and goal-directed behavior. Critically, human aging is associated with a decline in the ability to control what gains access to and is maintained in WM (“executive” hypothesis of aging). While the executive hypothesis has been well-studied in recent years in context of neurocognitive aging, it remains poorly understood whether these changes are consequential to goal-directed behavior in daily life. As a novel approach to this issue, in the present set of studies we will examine the contribution of brain imaging, lab-based, and momentary (i.e. daily/within-day) assessments of WM to self-regulation of health promotion behavior (specifically, physical activity). Recent evidence shows that individual differences in executive control are a primary determinant of an individual’s ability to successfully translate physical activity goals into daily behavior (i.e. self-regulatory capacity). However, this has been understudied in middle-aged and older adults in whom the efficiency of WM and affiliated brain networks are subject to alteration. An important next step is to examine WM and self-regulation at the level of behavior in naturalistic settings. The NIH/NIA K99/R00 Pathway to Independence Award is being sought to provide the PI training in ambulatory measurement methodology (ecological momentary assessments, EMA) and the resources to conduct a novel longitudinal study of younger, middle-aged, and older adults focused on the role of momentary WM abilities in self-regulation of physical activity. The use of smart phone-based EMA will provide a glimpse into the daily lives of study participants, providing a novel opportunity to examine how neurocognitive resources and lab- based assessments of control over WM project out to intra-individual trajectories of cognition and behavior. The current proposal will: 1) Examine the contribution of WM to self-regulation of health promotion behavior and health/well- being outcomes in middle-aged and older adults. Individuals who self-report high self-regulation achieve generally superior health and well-being outcomes. However, the role control over WM processing plays in moderating these achievements has been understudied. 2) Develop novel ambulatory measures of WM capacity. Lab-based executive control tasks are less suitable for ambulatory deployment. EMA of WM capacity will place objective assessment of controlled cognition in close proximity of real-time self-regulation of behavior. 3) Examine how individual differences in the neurocognitive resources that underlie WM processing project out into intra-individual trajectories of health promotion behavior. We expect that age-related declines/maintenance of the neurocognitive resources that support WM processing will play a key role in determining an individual’s capacity to self-regulate physical activity.

项目概要 在短期（“工作”）记忆（WM）中实例化和维护目标表示的能力对于 人类灵活思维和目标导向行为的能力。至关重要的是，人类衰老与 控制获取和维持 WM 内容的能力下降（衰老的“执行”假设）。 尽管执行假说近年来在神经认知衰老的背景下得到了深入研究，但它 人们对这些变化是否是日常生活中目标导向行为的结果仍知之甚少。作为 解决这个问题的一种新方法，在目前的一组研究中，我们将研究大脑成像的贡献， 基于实验室的瞬时（即每日/日内）WM 评估以促进健康促进的自我调节 行为（特别是体力活动）。最近的证据表明，执行控制的个体差异 是个人能否成功将体育活动目标转化为目标的主要决定因素 日常行为（即自我调节能力）。然而，这一点在中年人和 老年人的 WM 和附属大脑网络的效率会发生变化。一个重要的 下一步是在自然环境中的行为层面上研究 WM 和自我调节。美国国立卫生研究院/国家IA K99/R00 独立之路奖正在寻求提供 PI 流动培训 测量方法（生态瞬时评估，EMA）和进行新颖的资源 针对年轻人、中年人和老年人的纵向研究重点关注瞬时 WM 能力在 身体活动的自我调节。使用基于智能手机的 EMA 将让您了解日常情况 研究参与者的生活，提供了一个新的机会来检查神经认知资源和实验室如何 基于对 WM 控制的评估投射到个体内部的认知和行为轨迹。 目前的提案将： 1) 检查 WM 对健康促进行为和健康/健康自我调节的贡献 是中老年人的结果。自我报告高度自我调节的个人 总体上实现卓越的健康和福祉成果。然而，对WM的角色控制 处理在调节这些成就方面的作用尚未得到充分研究。 2) 开发新颖的 WM 能力动态测量方法。基于实验室的执行控制任务较少 适合流动部署。 WM 能力的 EMA 将对受控能力进行客观评估 接近实时自我调节行为的认知。 3) 检查构成 WM 的神经认知资源的个体差异如何 将项目处理成个人内部的健康促进行为轨迹。我们期望 支持 WM 处理的神经认知资源与年龄相关的衰退/维持将 在确定个人自我调节身体活动的能力方面发挥着关键作用。