NIDCR/NIH: R21 Misleading messages, Ambivalent attitudes: Teen beliefs about sports drinks

NIDCR/NIH：R21 误导性信息，矛盾态度：青少年对运动饮料的看法

• 批准号: 10039186
• 负责人: Amy Bleakley
• 金额: $ 20.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-12 至 2021-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10039186
• 关键词: 18 year old; Adolescent; Advertisements; Advertising; Age; American diet; Area; Athletic; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Belief; Beverages; Calories; Caries prevention; Categories; Child; Code; Confusion; Consumption; Cues; Dental; Dental caries; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Electrolytes; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Equipment and supply inventories; Evaluation; Facebook; Focus Groups; Fruit; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Policy; Hydration status; Individual; Industry; Intention; Interview; Marketing; Medical; Milk; Minerals; Modeling; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Obesity; Oral health; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Perception; Performance; Peripheral; Phase; Philadelphia; Physical activity; Play; Process; Reaction; Recommendation; Recovery; Research; Research Priority; Resolution; Resource Allocation; Resources; Role; Services; Source; Sports; Strategic Planning; Structure; Surveys; Sweetening Agents; Teenagers; Testing; Uncertainty; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Vitamins; Water; Work; Youth; aged; base; communication theory; digital; gatorade; improved; obesity prevention; policy implication; preference; prototype; psychosocial; social; social media; soft drink; sugar; sweetened beverage; theories; underage drinking

PROJECT SUMMARY SSBs in general is a cause of dental erosion and dental caries among adolescents and play a significant role in overweight, obesity, and diabetes. The consumption of sports and energy drinks tripled from 1999-2008, suggesting the need for a more pointed focus on this type of sugary drink, especially considering public uncertainty about the sugar and caloric content of sports drinks. Perceptions of sports drinks providing health benefits like hydration, athletic performance, and athletic recovery are perpetuated in part by sports drink advertising that emphasize such gains. The purpose of this study is to examine the ambivalence about the healthfulness of sports drinks among adolescents and analyze the media environment that perpetuates such confusion. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) offer a theory- based framework from which to approach (1) the prevention of obesity and dental caries and erosion through the promotion of a reduction of sports drinks consumption among adolescents and (2) a resolution to the ambiguity associated with this popular type of SSB. Thus the primary goal of this project is to identify modifiable individual and environmental (i.e., media) factors that could be incorporated into health messaging that discourages sports drink consumption as a strategy for improving adolescent dental health. The first step in accomplishing these goals is a content analysis of video advertisements (n=135) of popular sports drinks brands (i.e., Gatorade, Powerade, and Vitamin Water) to determine their persuasive strategies. The advertisement analysis will be based on communication theory and will code ads for central and peripheral cues as per the ELM and for belief, normative, and efficacy aspects as per the RAA. Next, a comprehensive RAA study which includes elicitation research and an online quantitative survey will be implemented to identity key adolescent beliefs about sports drinks with a focus on the target behavior of reducing sports drink consumption. Semi-structured elicitation interviews in 4 focus groups with adolescents ages 14-18 years old will be used to generate a comprehensive inventory of attitudinal, normative, and efficacy beliefs associated with reducing sports drink consumption and to validate categories of ads from the content analysis. Using results from this formative phase, an online RA survey among 14-18 year old youth in the United States (n=500) will be implemented to discern adolescents' beliefs about health and dental effects of sports drinks and the relevant determinants of adolescents' intention to reduce their sports drink consumption. Finally, based on findings from the content analysis and survey, theory-based messages that focus on reducing sports drink consumption and counter-arguing sports drink advertisements will be developed. Working with a Teen Research Team (TRT) and a graphic designer, prototype digital messages suitable for dissemination on social media will be created. Through a process of iterative concept testing, two focus groups and adolescent reactions to the messages on social media will be analyzed for message refinement purposes.

项目摘要 一般来说，SSB是青少年牙齿侵蚀和龋齿的一个原因， 超重肥胖和糖尿病从1999年到2008年，运动和能量饮料的消费量增加了两倍， 这表明需要更有针对性地关注这种含糖饮料，特别是考虑到公众 运动饮料中糖和热量含量的不确定性。对运动饮料提供健康的看法 运动饮料能使身体的水分、运动表现和运动恢复等益处得以延续 强调这种收益的广告。本研究的目的是探讨关于 运动饮料在青少年中的健康性，并分析媒体环境，使这种 混乱. Elementary Likestive Model（ELM）和Reasoned Action Approach（RAA）提供了一种理论， （1）预防肥胖、龋齿和侵蚀， 促进青少年减少运动饮料消费;（2）解决 这种流行类型的SSB的模糊性。因此，该项目的主要目标是确定 可改变的个体和环境（即，可以纳入健康信息的因素 不鼓励将运动饮料消费作为改善青少年牙齿健康的策略。第一步 在实现这些目标的过程中，对流行运动饮料的视频广告（n=135）进行了内容分析 品牌（即，佳得乐，Powerade和维生素水），以确定他们的说服策略。的 广告分析将以传播学理论为基础，并将为中心和外围广告编码 根据ELM的线索和根据RAA的信念，规范和功效方面。其次，全面 RAA研究，其中包括启发式研究和在线定量调查将实施，以确定 青少年对运动饮料的主要信念，重点是减少运动饮料的目标行为 消费14-18岁青少年4个焦点小组的半结构化启发式访谈 将被用来产生一个全面的库存的态度，规范，和功效的信念相关 减少运动饮料消费，并从内容分析中验证广告类别。使用 这是一项在美国14-18岁青少年中进行的在线RA调查， （n=500）将实施，以辨别青少年的信念，对健康和牙齿的影响，运动饮料 以及青少年减少运动饮料消费意愿的相关决定因素。最后基于 根据内容分析和调查的结果， 开发消费型、抗辩型运动饮料广告。与青少年一起工作 研究小组（TRT）和平面设计师，原型数字信息适合在社会上传播 媒体将创建。通过反复的概念测试过程，两个焦点小组和青少年 将分析对社交媒体上的消息的反应，以改进消息。