Establishing the science behind Alzheimer's recruitment registries: opportunities for increasing diversity and accelerating enrollment into trials

建立阿尔茨海默病招募登记背后的科学：增加多样性和加速试验注册的机会

• 批准号: 10170070
• 负责人: Amy Bleakley
• 金额: $ 38.79万
• 依托单位: BANNER HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10170070
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; African American; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Behavioral Model; Belief; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Contracts; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Disease Outbreaks; Elderly; Enrollment; Environment; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Future; Geography; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hispanics; Hygiene; Individual; Interest Group; Mass Media; Mediating; Methods; Minority Enrollment; Misinformation; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Not Hispanic or Latino; Parents; Patient Recruitments; Perception; Population; Predisposition; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention trial; Race; Registries; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Science; Series; Social Distance; Source; Surveys; Testing; Time; Underrepresented Groups; Underrepresented Populations; Vaccines; Virus; Vulnerable Populations; base; behavior influence; brain health; disparities in morbidity; ethnic minority population; experience; follow-up; health disparity; high risk; mortality; news; pandemic disease; prevent; programs; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; racial disparity; racial minority; recruit; social media; theories; willingness; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT With the singular focus on COVID-19 in both the media environment and in the everyday lives of most people, it is not clear how perceptions of other health conditions may shift, especially among older adults who are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. Research demonstrates a tendency for individuals to allow their attitudes towards one salient issue to impact their attitudes and behaviors towards unrelated, but similar other issues (i.e., spillover effects). Given the emphasis on science and research in COVID-19 discourse, it is important to assess whether older adults’ pandemic experiences may “spillover” to their perceptions of scientific research in ways that may affect their willingness to participate in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related research efforts. In this project, we propose to examine how information sources on COVID-19 and the larger context of the pandemic influence older adults’ perceptions of scientific research and AD, adherence to recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors, and whether these perceptions vary by racial/ethnic group. This research is critical to determine whether COVID-19 spillover is changing how individuals perceive both AD as a health risk and calls to participate in AD research such as enrolling in recruitment registries. Grounded in Spreading Activation Theory and the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA), we propose two aims. First, to determine the extent to which COVID-19 news coverage and lived experiences change perceptions of scientific research and willingness to participate in AD-related research, we employ a mixed methods approach using surveys and content analysis. We conduct a series of repeated cross-sectional surveys over a period of 12 months to monitor how changes in the pandemic and in news coverage may be related to attitude shifts about research generally and specific to AD and AD risk. Survey data will be collected across 12 waves from a national sample stratified by the race groups that correspond to the groups of interest in the parent award (white, Hispanic, Black). Data are collected monthly, which allows for capturing perceptual shifts as the COVID-19 situation changes rapidly. A theory-driven content analysis of news coverage from main news sources, coinciding with the surveys, will also be conducted with the goal of understanding the extent and nature of COVID-19 information and misinformation, including topics such as racial disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality and emphasis on older adults and racial minorities as vulnerable populations. The second aim identifies relevant psychosocial determinants (attitudes, norms, efficacy/control) of subsequent COVID-19- related health behaviors (i.e., preparation, prevention) for older adults using the RAA. We collect a follow-up wave of data (Wave 2) from the Wave 1/Baseline from the repeated cross-sectional surveys and predict how effects of exposure to media and interpersonal messages are mediated through attitudes, norms, and efficacy to predict subsequent COVID-19 recommended behaviors. Together these two aims allow for a test of COVID- 19 spillover into AD-related attitudes and willingness to participate in AD research.

项目概要/摘要 随着媒体环境和大多数人的日常生活中对 COVID-19 的关注， 目前尚不清楚对其他健康状况的看法可能会发生怎样的转变，特别是对于那些患有糖尿病的老年人来说。 特别容易受到 COVID-19 的影响。研究表明，个人倾向于允许自己的态度 针对一个突出问题来影响他们对不相关但类似的其他问题的态度和行为 （即溢出效应）。鉴于 COVID-19 话语中对科学和研究的强调，重要的是 评估老年人的流行病经历是否可能“溢出”到他们对科学研究的看法 可能影响他们参与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 相关研究工作意愿的方式。在这个 项目中，我们建议研究有关 COVID-19 的信息来源以及大流行病的大背景 影响老年人对科学研究和 AD 的看法，遵守推荐的 COVID-19 预防行为​​，以及这些看法是否因种族/族裔群体而异。这项研究对于 确定 COVID-19 的溢出效应是否正在改变个人将 AD 视为健康风险的方式，并呼吁 参与 AD 研究，例如在招聘登记处注册。以传播激活为基础 理论和理性行动方法（RAA），我们提出两个目标。首先，确定范围 COVID-19 新闻报道和生活经历改变了人们对科学研究和 愿意参与 AD 相关研究，我们采用混合方法，通过调查和 内容分析。我们在 12 个月的时间内进行了一系列重复的横断面调查， 监测流行病和新闻报道的变化与研究态度转变之间的关系 AD 和 AD 风险的一般性和特定性。调查数据将从全国范围内分 12 波收集 样本按照与家长奖励中感兴趣的群体相对应的种族群体进行分层（白人、 西班牙裔、黑人）。每月收集一次数据，这样可以捕捉随着 COVID-19 的变化而发生的感知变化 情况变化很快。对主要新闻来源的新闻报道进行理论驱动的内容分析， 与调查同时进行的，也将进行，目的是了解 COVID-19 信息和错误信息，包括 COVID-19 发病率的种族差异等主题 死亡率以及对老年人和少数族裔作为弱势群体的重视。第二个目标 确定后续 COVID-19 的相关社会心理决定因素（态度、规范、功效/控制） 使用 RAA 的老年人的相关健康行为（即准备、预防）。我们收集后续 来自重复横断面调查的第一波/基线的数据波（第二波）并预测如何 接触媒体和人际信息的影响是通过态度、规范和功效来调节的 预测后续的 COVID-19 建议行为。这两个目标共同实现了对新冠病毒的测试 19 溢出影响 AD 相关态度和参与 AD 研究的意愿。