Preventing outbreaks of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in edible sprouts via novel resistance-conferring seed treatments

通过新型抗性种子处理方法预防食用芽菜中食源性致病菌的爆发

• 批准号: 10009714
• 负责人: Murli Manohar
• 金额: $ 25.21万
• 依托单位: ASCRIBE BIOSCIENCE INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10009714
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alfalfa; Appearance; Bacteria; Bacterial Counts; Biological Sciences; Calcium; Cessation of life; Clover; Consumption; Country; Dangerousness; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Europe; Face; Farming environment; Food Safety; Formulation; Germany; Germination; Goals; Growth; Harvest; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome; Hospitalization; Human; Hypochlorite; Incidence; Individual; Industry; Infection; Intervention; Listeria monocytogenes; Nutritive Value; Onions; Pantoea; Pathogenicity; Phase; Plants; Production; Pseudomonas syringae; Recommendation; Resistance; Rice; Risk; Safety; Sales; Salmonella enterica; Seeds; Shiga Toxin; Smell Perception; Soil; Source; Soybeans; Taste Perception; Technology; Time; Tissues; Trigonella foenum-graecum; Xanthomonas; antimicrobial; base; commercialization; cooking; defense response; efficacy testing; enteric pathogen; foodborne illness; foodborne outbreak; hazard; high risk; human pathogen; improved; innovation; microbial; microbiome; mung bean; nanomolar; novel; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; prevent

Abstract One of the most severe foodborne outbreaks in Europe, and the second-largest “Shiga toxin-producing” E. coli outbreak worldwide, was traced to E. coli O104: H4 in fresh fenugreek sprouts from a farm in Germany. It affected more than 4,075 individuals in 16 countries and included 908 cases complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 50 deaths. In the U.S., sprouts were implicated as the cause of 58 foodborne outbreaks between 1996 and 2017, encompassing at least 1,953 illnesses, 212 hospitalizations, and 5 deaths. Raw and lightly- cooked edible sprouts pose high risk for outbreaks of foodborne illness which typically originate in the seeds (vs. processing condition genesis of typical plant foodborne illnesses). While seeds contaminated with small amounts of human enteric pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes have little to no impact on final non-sprout field grown crops, the distinct warm, humid growing conditions of sprouts serve to dramatically amplify growth of these pathogens to dangerous levels.2-5 As the consumption of edible sprouts, including alfalfa, mung bean and clover continues to increase worldwide, largely due to their short growing period, easy availability and high nutritive value,5 so too does the risk of sprout‐related foodborne illness outbreak. The FDA has expressed serious concern over the increasing number of outbreaks. While the FDA recommends soaking the seeds in 20,000 ppm solution of calcium hypochlorite, as well as applying a least one approved antimicrobial treatment immediately before sprouting,6 high concentrations of antimicrobials fail to completely eliminate bacteria from seed, particularly those that have infiltrated seed tissue. According to the agency, “There is no single treatment so far that has been shown to completely eliminate pathogens on seeds or sprouts that cause foodborne illness without affecting germination or yield.” To prevent outbreaks of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in edible sprouts, Ascribe Bioscience is developing novel resistance-conferring seed treatments based on a natural, microbiome-derived molecule that has been shown to activate a plant's natural defenses to provide protection against a broad range of pathogens in a variety of crops, both pre- and post-emergence. To establish the feasibility of the proposed approach as a means to effectively confer protection to sprouts against human enteric pathogens, Phase I development will target four specific aims: 1) Develop an efficacious formulation for sprout seed treatment based on the microbiome-derived molecule, 2) Test the efficacy of the formulation against human enteric pathogens, 3) Test the efficacy of the seed treatment against human enteric pathogens during seed production and after harvest, 4) Test the efficacy of additional related molecules on growth inhibition of human enteric pathogens. In Phase II, we will finalize the sprout seed treatment formulation and conduct broad spread challenges on other types of spouts. Once fully developed, this intervention has the potential to reduce sprout- related infections and outbreaks.

抽象的 欧洲最严重的食源性爆发之一，也是第二大的“产生shiga毒素”大肠杆菌 全世界爆发，可追溯到来自德国一个农场的新鲜胡芦巴芽中的大肠杆菌O104：H4。它影响了 16个国家 /地区的4,075个人超过4,075人，包括溶血性尿毒症综合征复杂的908例 （HUS）和50人死亡。在美国，豆芽被暗示是在58次食源性爆发的原因 1996年和2017年，至少包括1,953种疾病，212例住院和5例死亡。原始且轻微 煮熟的食食芽构成了通常起源于种子的食源性疾病爆发的高风险（Vs。 处理典型植物性食物疾病的生成。而种子被少量污染 人类肠道病原体，例如沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌和李斯特菌单核细胞增生 对最终的非刺田种植农作物几乎没有影响，这是芽的独特温暖，潮湿的生长条件 将这些病原体的生长大大扩增至危险水平。2-5作为食用 包括苜蓿，绿豆和三叶草在内 生长期，易于供应和高营养价值，5也有与发芽相关的食源性疾病的风险也是如此 暴发。 FDA对爆发次数的增加表示了严重的关注。而FDA 建议将种子浸泡在20,000 ppm的次氯酸钙溶液中，并施加至少一个 发芽前立即获得批准的抗菌治疗，6个高浓度的抗菌剂未能 完全消除种子中的细菌，尤其是那些浸润的种子组织的细菌。根据 代理机构，“到目前为止，还没有单一的治疗可以完全消除病原体 引起食源性疾病的种子或芽源不会影响发芽或产量。” 为了防止食用芽芽中食源性病原细菌爆发，分配生物科学是 开发基于天然，微生物组衍生的新型抗性限制种子处理 已证明可以激活植物的自然防御的分子，以防止 多种农作物的病原体范围广泛，包括出现前后。建立可行性 拟议的方法是有效地赋予芽剂保护人类侵害人类的手段的一种手段 病原体，第一阶段开发将针对四个特定目标：1）为发芽开发有效的公式 基于微生物组衍生分子的种子处理，2）测试公式对人的效率 肠道病原体，3）测试种子治疗对人类促进种子病原体的效率 生产和收获后，4）测试其他相关分子对人类生长抑制的效率 肠道病原体。在第二阶段，我们将最终确定发芽种子处理公式并进行广泛的传播 其他类型的喷嘴挑战。一旦完全开发，这种干预措施有可能减少发芽 相关感染和暴发。