Drug Consumption Trends and Take Back Program Indicators: A wastewater-based approach in Washington State

项目摘要/摘要 该项目建议监测人口中非法药物和处方阿片类药物的消费趋势。 在三年的时间里，华盛顿州的六个城市的水平。这项研究与另外两个专业重叠 事件：1)启动了全州范围的毒品回收计划；2)2020年人口普查。这在全国是第一次， 全州范围的药物回收计划旨在减少处方阿片类药物的滥用，并减少环境 污染。废水提供了一种很好的方法来提供这一有效性的指标 程序。处方类阿片类药物及其代谢物将作为三年监测的一部分进行测量 计划和氢可酮/去氢可酮(代谢物)的变化将用作回收计划 指示器。氢可酮及其代谢物将被使用，因为它是高度处方、高度浪费和 由DEA建议以冲洗方式处置。以废水为基础的人群水平药物开发方法 消费包括许多数据输入，人口是不确定性的最大来源。这个项目将 识别和监测废水中反映人类人口的化合物。这些人口的水平 废水中的生物标记物(药物和食品添加剂)将被用来更准确地解释 人口规模对废水样本的贡献，从而发展更好的人均消费量 估计。这些人口标记的水平将通过2020年人口普查数据和动态趋势进行验证 将使用移动设备数据对人口数量进行评估。因此，这些种群生物标志物将提供 项目的非法药物和处方阿片类药物三年消费趋势更新和可靠的人均 数据。

Project Summary/Abstract This project proposes to monitor illicit drug and prescription opioid consumption trends at the population level in six cities in Washington State over a three year period. This study overlaps with two other major events: 1) the initiation of a state-wide drug take back program and 2) the 2020 census. This, first in the nation, statewide drug take-back program is aimed at reducing prescription opioid abuse and to reduce environmental contamination. Wastewater provides an excellent approach to provide an indicator of the effectiveness of this program. Prescription opioids and their metabolites will be measured as part of the three year monitoring program and the change in hydrocodone/norhydrocodone (metabolite) will be used as a take-back program indicator. Hydrocodone and its metabolite will be used because it is highly prescribed, highly wasted, and recommended by the DEA for disposal by flushing. Wastewater-based approaches to population level drug consumption include many data inputs with population being the largest source of uncertainty. This project will identify and monitor compounds in wastewater that reflect human populations. Levels of these population biomarkers (drugs and food additives) in wastewater will be used to develop a more accurate account of the population size contributing to the wastewater sample and thus to develop better per capita consumption estimates. Levels of these population markers will be validated with 2020 census data and the dynamic trends in populations will be evaluated with mobile device data. These population biomarkers will thus provide the project’s illicit drug and prescription opioid three-year consumption trends with updated and reliable per capita data.