Air Pollution Exposures in Early Life and Brain Development in Children

生命早期的空气污染暴露与儿童大脑发育

• 批准号: 10053545
• 负责人: SARAH F. BENKI-NUGENT
• 金额: $ 57.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10053545
• 关键词: 3 year old; Africa South of the Sahara; Age; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Ancillary Study; Animal Model; Archives; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Attention Deficit Disorder; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Award; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Brain; Carbon Black; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Childhood; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Conceptions; Country; Data; Development; Educational workshop; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Experimental Models; Exposure to; Faculty; Fostering; Foundations; Future; Goals; Government; Household; Household Air Pollution; Hybrids; Impulsive Behavior; Income; Industrialization; Industry; Infant; Informal Social Control; Institution; Intellectual functioning disability; Intervention; Kenya; Laboratories; Language; Life; Link; Longevity; Maternal and Child Health; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Mothers; Motor; Motor Skills; Neurotoxins; Outcome; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Performance; Pilot Projects; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Making; Pregnancy; Private Sector; Process; Program Sustainability; Prospective Studies; Prospective cohort; Public Policy; Research; Resources; Science; Scientist; Screening procedure; Source; Structure; Students; Technical Expertise; Third Pregnancy Trimester; Time; Tissues; Ultrafine; Universities; Washington; Work; air monitoring; ambient air pollution; autism spectrum disorder; base; biobank; cofactor; cognitive performance; cohort; cooking; design; early childhood; early life exposure; epidemiology study; executive function; experience; follow-up; infancy; innovation; low income country; mortality; neurodevelopment; neurotoxic; neurotoxicity; novel; pollutant; postnatal; prenatal; programs; prospective; repetitive behavior; research to practice; skills; student mentoring; ultrafine particle; urinary

ABSTRACT It is increasingly clear that ambient and household sources of combustion derived air pollutants threaten healthy neurodevelopment based on research conducted in high income settings. Advances describe the neurotoxic potential of traffic-derived emissions, components such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and physical characteristics such as ultrafine particulate (UFP) in experimental models, mechanistic studies, and observational epidemiological studies of ADHD, autism, and cognitive performance. However, in low resourced settings such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where exposure magnitudes are among the highest worldwide, data and capacity are lacking. We seek to extend a highly productive 30 plus year University of Washington – University of Nairobi maternal child health research partnership to incorporate capacity building and research focused on air pollution and child neurodevelopment in urban Kenya. We leverage a unique pre conception cohort and apply both biomarkers (urinary PAH metabolites) and mobile monitoring approaches to understand air pollution exposure across the early life continuum (pregnancy/infancy) as well as describe the impact of sources from ambient and household origin. Follow up to age 3 years will determine the relationship between early life air pollution exposure and child motor, cognitive, self-regulation, and executive function skills. The design and engagement reflects 2 pilot projects awarded in the past year which yielded practical experience and extensive discussions with environmental scientists and maternal child health experts in Nairobi. The project fills current gaps in child neurodevelopmental assessments as well as exposure science and laboratory methods to promote maternal child environmental health research in SSA. The project will advance lab capacity for neurotoxic biomarkers at two key institutions, will establish innovative methods for ambient air pollution measurement, will develop a unique pre conception cohort with a biospecimen archive and detailed neurodevelopmental outcome data – each foundational components of long-term, well-executed studies of air pollution exposure and brain development across the lifespan. Our overarching goal is to establish a sustained research to practice program that connects high quality, regionally relevant research to program and policy to reduce modifiable environmental risks to healthy child neurodevelopment.

摘要 越来越清楚的是，环境和家庭来源的燃烧衍生的空气污染物威胁健康 神经发育的基础上进行的研究在高收入环境。研究进展描述了神经毒性潜力 交通产生的排放物，如多环芳烃（PAH）和物理成分， 实验模型、机理研究和观测中的超细颗粒（UFP）等特性 ADHD、自闭症和认知表现的流行病学研究。然而，在低资源环境中， 撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）是全球接触程度最高的地区之一， 缺乏 我们寻求延长一个高生产力的30多年的华盛顿大学-内罗毕大学产妇的孩子 卫生研究伙伴关系将能力建设和研究纳入重点是空气污染和儿童 肯尼亚城市的神经发育。我们利用一个独特的孕前队列， （尿中PAH代谢物）和移动的监测方法，以了解 早期生命连续体（怀孕/婴儿期）以及描述环境和家庭来源的影响 起源3岁以下的随访将确定儿童早期空气污染暴露与儿童之间的关系 运动、认知、自我调节和执行功能技能。设计和参与反映了2个试点 在过去一年，我们已批出多个项目，这些项目既有实际经验，又与 内罗毕的环境科学家和妇幼保健专家。该项目填补了目前儿童 神经发育评估以及暴露科学和实验室方法，以促进产妇 儿童环境卫生研究在SSA。该项目将提高神经毒性生物标志物的实验室能力， 两个主要机构，将建立环境空气污染测量的创新方法，将开发一个 独特的受孕前队列，具有生物标本档案和详细的神经发育结果数据-每个 空气污染暴露和大脑发育的长期、良好执行研究的基础组成部分 在整个生命周期中。我们的总体目标是建立一个持续的研究实践计划， 高质量、区域相关的研究，以规划和政策，减少可改变的环境风险， 健康儿童神经发育。