Predicting polysubstance impaired driving in young adults: Longitudinal and event-level assessment of the role of norms and motives.

项目摘要/摘要 驾驶障碍仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，超过1万人死于酒精- 每年都会发生相关的车辆撞车事故。人们越来越关注的是多种物质损害驾驶，特别是当 司机同时受到酒精和大麻的损害。同时饮酒和吸食大麻的比率(SAM) 年轻人中的车祸发生率很高，这表明有必要对开车时开车的预测因素进行研究 SAM受损(D-SAM)和与SAM受损的司机(R-SAM)一起乘车以告知预防 对这一人群的干预努力。目前的研究提出了两个阶段的研究，以评估风险和 D-SAM和R-SAM的保护因素。第一阶段将利用全州范围的华盛顿青年成人健康计划 对7000多名年轻人进行调查，收集SAM、D-SAM和R-SAM常模，并评估 它们与高风险驾驶相关结果的关联。第二阶段将收集新的年轻人样本 (n=400)，并利用测量突发设计来检查使用酒精、大麻、 和SAM在全球和事件层面上与D-SAM和R-SAM相关联。全球评估将在 基线和6个月。参与者还将在周四、周五、 每隔一周的周六和周日，为期6个月。人口统计数据、个性特征 还将评估事件级D-SAM和R-SAM的特征和心理健康因素，因为 此前已经证明，这些因素与危险和受损的驾驶行为有关。这项研究 创新之处在于，尽管有经验支持将规范和动机作为酒精和 大麻的使用和后果，有限的研究在SAM使用或受损的背景下对它们进行了审查 驾驶行为，而且还没有研究检验它们如何预测D-SAM或R-SAM。此外，还出现了 几乎没有研究评估过任何类型受损司机的事件级别预测因素。调查结果来自 目前的研究可用于为预防和干预工作以及实施 他们。该提案包括与州一级实体，特别是华盛顿学院的密切合作 预防药物滥用联盟、华盛顿交通安全委员会和 行为健康与康复。通过合作伙伴，我们将1)帮助确定以下领域的关键利益相关者名单 预防受损驾驶，特别是西澳的D-SAM和R-SAM，2)提供有关其当前 预防D-SAM和R-SAM的项目、障碍和支持，3)提供对当前研究的反馈 措施和评估，以及4)通过当地的几个途径促进传播和翻译 和州一级。因此，目前的项目有可能影响D-SAM和R-SAM的预防工作 并减少这些受损的驾驶相关行为造成的不必要的死亡和伤害。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Impaired driving continues to be a major public health concern with over 10,000 deaths caused by alcohol- related vehicle crashes every year. A growing concern is polysubstance impaired driving, specifically when drivers are impaired by both alcohol and marijuana. Rates of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use (SAM) and vehicle crashes are high among young adults, indicating a need for research on predictors of driving while SAM impaired (D-SAM) and riding with a driver who is SAM impaired (R-SAM) to inform prevention intervention efforts for this population. The current study proposes two phases of research to assess risk and protective factors of D-SAM and R-SAM. Phase 1 will utilize the statewide Washington Young Adult Health Survey sample of more than 7,000 young adults to collect norms on SAM, D-SAM and R-SAM and assess their association with risky driving-related outcomes. Phase 2 will collect a new sample of young adults (N=400) and utilize measurement burst design to examine how norms and motives to use alcohol, marijuana, and SAM are associated with D-SAM and R-SAM at the global and event level. Global assessments will be at baseline and 6 months. Participants will also complete once a day event-level surveys on Thursdays, Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays every other week for 6 months. The association of demographics, personality characteristics, and mental health factors on event-level D-SAM and R-SAM will also be assessed, as these factors have previously been shown to be associated with risky and impaired driving behaviors. This research is innovative in that while there is empirical support for norms and motives as predictors of alcohol and marijuana use and consequences, limited research has examined them in the context of SAM use or impaired driving behaviors, and no research has examined how they predict D-SAM or R-SAM. Further, there has been almost no research that has assessed event-level predictors of any type of impaired drivers. The findings from the current study may be used to inform prevention and intervention efforts and the entities that implement them. The proposal includes strong collaborations with state level entities, specifically the Washington College Coalition for Substance Abuse Prevention, Washington Traffic Safety Committee and the Division for Behavioral Health and Recovery. Through partners we will 1) help identify a list of key stakeholders on preventing impaired driving, specifically D-SAM and R-SAM in WA, 2) provide information on their current projects, barriers, and supports for prevention of D-SAM and R-SAM, 3) deliver feedback on the current study's measures and assessments, and 4) facilitate dissemination and translation though several avenues at the local and state levels. Thus, the current project has the potential to impact D-SAM and R-SAM prevention efforts and reduce unnecessary fatalities and injuries caused by these impaired driving-related behaviors.