Socio-Cultural Stress Profiles, Stress Responses, and Health in Mexican American Adolescents

该项目是对PA-17-042的回应，考察了社会文化应激源的纵向影响， 年青少年对这些应激源的生理和行为应激反应以及健康结果 墨西哥移民家庭。认识到墨西哥青少年所处的具有挑战性的社会环境 移民家庭是根深蒂固的，该项目创建了社会文化压力概况，包括经济 压力、歧视和外国人的压力，以及语言中介经历(儿童翻译 英语能力有限的父母只能在英语和西班牙语之间交流)。我们正在进行的关于青少年的研究 墨西哥移民家庭确定了三种社会文化压力特征(中度、保护性、风险)，三种 长期稳定的概况(稳定的适度、稳定的保护、稳定的风险)和两种社会文化变化概况 随着时间的推移(改善，下降)。拟议的项目建立在对墨西哥青少年的成功研究的基础上。 移民家庭(PI：KIM，NSF，BCS-0956123和BCS-651128；NIH，R03HD060045)检查， 前瞻性地，仅在中学阶段的社会文化压力概况的影响，以及连续性和 从初中到高中的社会文化压力概况变化对青少年健康的影响(目标1)。 具体地说，这笔赠款将允许研究团队增加生理健康结果的衡量标准，即 炎症(IL-6、C反应蛋白)和糖尿病风险(血红蛋白A1c)。我们还将测试路径模型， 确定社会文化压力特征是否与适应或适应不良生理有关 和影响健康的行为应激反应(目标2)。此外，我们建议测试 从社会文化压力状况到对健康结果的压力反应的关联加剧或 通过各种主持人缓解，包括个人(复原力、父母支持)和文化(家庭 (义务)资源、与法律地位有关的压力以及语言中介场所和内容(目标3)。 生理应激反应将通过皮质醇进行评估。急性皮质醇将通过测量 对Trier社会压力测试的改编的反应性和恢复，其中青少年口头翻译 一份给他们父母的医疗文件。还将测量日常皮质醇。物质使用和睡眠是 每日自我报告，以及戴在手腕上的运动记录器手表提供对睡眠的客观评估。这 这项研究非常符合美国国立卫生研究院2016-2020年研究正常人群的战略计划，以检测 预防干预措施的要点，以减少健康差距。它通过研究社会文化压力来做到这一点。 包括语言中介经历的个人资料，这在低收入墨西哥人中很常见 到目前为止，几乎没有受到关注的移民家庭。我们研究了在复杂的条件下 社会文化概况可作为青少年风险和保护的来源。这个项目有 有可能发现可以减少墨西哥移民持续健康差距的过程和做法 家人。

This project is in response to PA-17-042 and examines the longitudinal influence of socio-cultural stressors, physiological and behavioral stress responses to these stressors, and health outcomes of adolescents in Mexican immigrant families. Recognizing the challenging social environments in which adolescents in Mexican immigrant families are embedded, this project creates socio-cultural stress profiles comprised of economic stress, discrimination and foreigner stress, and language brokering experiences (in which children translate between English and Spanish for their English-limited parents). Our ongoing research with adolescents in Mexican immigrant families has identified three socio-cultural stress profiles (moderate, protective, risk), three stable profiles over time (stable moderate, stable protective, stable risk), and two socio-cultural change profiles over time (improved, declined). The proposed project builds on a successful study of adolescents in Mexican immigrant families (PI: Kim, NSF, BCS-0956123 and BCS-651128; NIH, R03HD060045) to examine, prospectively, the influence of socio-cultural stress profiles in middle school alone, as well as continuity and change in socio-cultural stress profiles from middle school to high school, on adolescent health (Aim 1). Specifically, this grant will allow the research team to add measures of physiological health outcomes, namely inflammation (IL-6, C-reactive protein) and diabetes risk (hemoglobin A1c). We will also test a pathways model, to determine whether socio-cultural stress profiles are associated with adaptive or maladaptive physiological and behavioral stress responses that influence health (Aim 2). Further, we propose to test whether the associations from socio-cultural stress profiles to stress responses to health outcomes are exacerbated or mitigated through various moderators, including personal (resilience, parent support) and cultural (family obligation) resources, stress related to legal status, and language brokering places and content (Aim 3). Physiological stress response will be assessed via cortisol. Acute cortisol will be assessed by measuring reactivity and recovery to an adaptation of the Trier Social Stress Test, in which adolescents verbally translate a medical document for their parents. Day-to-day cortisol will also be measured. Substance use and sleep are self-reported daily, and motionlogger watches worn on the wrist provide an objective assessment of sleep. This study is very much in line with the 2016-2020 NIH strategic plan of studying normative populations to detect points for preventive interventions to reduce health disparities. It does so by studying socio-cultural stress profiles that include language brokering experiences, a common phenomenon in low-income Mexican immigrant families that has received little attention to date. We examine the complex conditions under which socio-cultural profiles can function as sources of both risk and protection for adolescents. This project has the potential to uncover processes and practices that can reduce persistent health disparities in Mexican immigrant families.