Molecular epidemiology and serology of malaria under shifting agricultural practices in Africa

项目摘要 这是伊丽莎白·海明·施罗德博士的F32奖学金申请表，她是一名博士后学者 提议在凯斯维斯特大学全球卫生教授James Kazura博士的赞助下进行培训 后备大学。这项奖学金的总体目标是让海明-施罗德博士培养她的技能 成为未来疟疾流行病学领域的独立调查者。具体地说，这笔F32奖学金 将为海明-施罗德博士提供必要的支持，以实现以下目标：1)设计 流行病学研究，以检验与疟疾传播和控制有关的假设；2)分析大型集合 使用生物信息学的基因组数据；3)使用免疫学技术研究疟疾流行病学；以及4) 培养领导能力和专业技能，领导一个跨学科的研究团队。解决粮食不安全问题 并满足人口快速增长下日益增长的水资源需求，水资源开发项目正在 预计在撒哈拉以南非洲地区将迅速增加。这些水资源开发的影响 关于疟疾风险的项目仍然知之甚少。该项目将重点评估以下项目的影响 灌溉工程对寄生虫种群造成的农业做法转变和人类迁徙 遗传学和疟疾流行病学。在肯尼亚新灌溉和非灌溉地区，海明-施罗德博士 将监测土地利用和人口流动，并使用横断面调查、纵向队列研究和 被动病例监测监测当地居民和外来务工人员寄生虫种群变化 随着时间的推移，疟疾在该地区的发病率。在目标1中，海明-施罗德博士将研究移位的影响 通过微卫星和药物基因分型研究寄生虫种群遗传学和多样性的农业实践 抗性标记，以及扩增子下一代测序和生物信息学分析。在《目标2》中，Dr。 海明-施罗德将确定改变农业做法对症状性疾病负担的影响， 寄生虫接触史，以及通过在当地卫生中心和 医院，寄生虫暴露的生物标志物的血清学，深层序列的生物信息学分析，以及混合 效应模型分析。这项研究将有助于提高我们对水资源影响的理解。 发展项目有疟疾流行病学和人口遗传学，这对 能够维持有效的疟疾控制计划。这项研究的数据将作为初步数据 在F32奖学金的最后一年申请K22或K99。通过拟议的研究活动和 培训计划，海明-施罗德博士将获得流行病学、生物信息学、免疫学和 领导力和专业技能，这将帮助她获得独立的资金，并为她的教职做好准备 领导跨学科研究项目的职业生涯。

Project Summary This is an application for a F32 fellowship for Dr. Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, a Postdoctoral Scholar proposing to train under the sponsorship of Dr. James Kazura, Professor of Global Health at Case Western Reserve University. The overall goal for this fellowship is for Dr. Hemming-Schroeder to cultivate her skills to become a future independent investigator in the field of malaria epidemiology. Specifically, this F32 fellowship will provide Dr. Hemming-Schroeder with the necessary support to achieve the following goals: 1) Design epidemiological studies to test hypotheses related to malaria transmission and control; 2) Analyze large sets of genomic data using bioinformatics; 3) Use immunological techniques to study malaria epidemiology; and 4) Develop leadership and professional skills to lead an interdisciplinary research team. To combat food insecurity and meet increasing water demands under rapid population growth, water resource development projects are anticipated to rapidly increase in sub-Saharan Africa. The impacts that these water resource development projects will have on malaria risk remain poorly understood. This project will focus on assessing the impacts of shifting agricultural practices and human migration resulting from irrigation projects on parasite population genetics and malaria epidemiology. In newly irrigated and non-irrigated areas of Kenya, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will monitor land use and population movement and use cross-sectional surveys, a longitudinal cohort study, and passive case surveillance to monitor changes in parasite populations in local residents and migrant laborers and malaria incidence in the areas over time. In Aim 1, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will examine the impacts of shifting agricultural practices on parasite population genetics and diversity through genotyping of microsatellite and drug resistance markers, as well as amplicon next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. In Aim 2, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will determine the impacts of shifting agricultural practices on symptomatic disease burden, parasite exposure history, and infection complexity through passive case detection in local health centers and hospitals, serology for biomarkers of parasite exposure, bioinformatic analysis of deep sequences, and mixed effects model analysis. This research will help to improve our understanding of the impacts water resource development projects have on malaria epidemiology and population genetics, which is critically important to being able to maintain effective malaria control programs. Data from this research will serve as preliminary data for a K22 or K99 application in the final year of the F32 fellowship. Through the proposed research activities and training plan, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will gain skills in epidemiology, bioinformatics, immunology, and leadership and professional skills, which will help her to gain independent funding and prepare her for a faculty career leading an interdisciplinary research program.