ILC2-Mediated Protection from Acute Lung Infection

项目摘要 关于新描述的2型先天性淋巴样细胞（ILC 2）群体的信息有限， 肺，这些细胞的调节，以及它们对预防急性呼吸道感染的影响。我们有 现在发现IFN-γ负调节ILC 2免疫功能，IFN-γ表达缺陷的动物 对原发性H1N1大流行性病毒感染和继发性H1N1大流行性病毒感染的抵抗力增强 肺炎球菌感染在病毒感染的IFN-γ-/-小鼠中ILC 2活性的增强伴随着ILC 2活性的降低。 肺组织炎症和肺IL-5，双调蛋白和嗜酸性粒细胞表达增加，但没有 病毒负荷的变化。重要的是，在IFN-γ中和后观察到的增加的保护作用在小鼠中没有观察到。 ILC 2缺陷小鼠。本提案中的研究旨在确定第二国际法委员会在以下方面的独特作用： 抵抗流感和继发性细菌感染。根据我们的初步数据，我们假设 IFN-γ信号转导减弱ILC 2先天效应子功能，并导致组织免疫功能降低， 体内平衡和宿主存活。为了验证这个概念，我们将利用几个独特的资源，包括 缺乏ILC 2、嗜酸性粒细胞表达和TGF-βIIR信号传导的新型小鼠品系，以及我们的 在研究宿主-病原体相互作用方面具有丰富的经验。目的是首次确定：1） ILC 2在介导对CA 04流感感染的抗性中的作用;以及2）ILC 2在调节对CA 04流感感染的抗性中的作用。 流感后继发性细菌感染的易感性。最终目标是获得 了解负责预防急性呼吸道感染的过程，并利用 为了影响流感预防和治疗的临床方法而获得的信息， 继发性细菌感染。

Project Summary There is only limited information about the newly described type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) population in the lung, the regulation of these cells, and their impact on protection against acute respiratory infections. We have now found that IFN-γ negatively regulates ILC2 immune function and that animals deficient in IFN-γ expression demonstrate increased resistance to both primary H1N1 pandemic virus infection as well as secondary pneumococcal infection. Enhanced ILC2 activity in viral-infected IFN-γ-/- mice is accompanied by decreased lung tissue inflammation and increased expression of pulmonary IL-5, amphiregulin, and eosinophils, but no change in viral burden. Importantly, the increased protection seen after IFN-γ neutralization is not observed in ILC2-deficient mice. Studies in this proposal are designed to now determine the unique role of ILC2s in resistance to influenza and secondary bacterial infections. Based on our preliminary data, we hypothesize that IFN-γ signaling diminishes ILC2 innate effector function and leads to decreased tissue homeostasis and host survival. To test this concept, we will exploit several unique resources, including novel strains of mice that are deficient in ILC2s, eosinophil expression, and TGF-βIIR signaling, as well as our extensive experience in studying host-pathogen interactions. The aims are to determine for the first time: 1) the role of ILC2s in mediating resistance to CA04 influenza infection; and 2) the role of ILC2s in regulating susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections following influenza. The ultimate goal is to obtain an understanding of the processes responsible for protection against acute respiratory infection and to exploit the information obtained in order to influence clinical approaches for prevention and treatment of influenza and associated secondary bacterial infections.